Transcription of CHAPTER 3: PHASE EQUILIBRIA
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CHAPTER 3: PHASE EQUILIBRIA
CHAPTER 3: PHASE EQUILIBRIA Introduction Multiphase and solution thermodynamics deal with the composition of two or more phases in equilibrium. Thus, the maximum concentration of a species in an aqueous stream in contact with an organic stream can be estimated by these calculations. This can establish the contaminant levels obtained in various wastewater streams. A second major application is in partitioning of a pollutant into various phases in the environment. These multiphase thermodynamic calculations are important in design of heterogeneous reactors.
3.2 Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium The ratio of the composition measure such as (mole fraction) in the vapor phase to that in the liquid phase at equilibrium is referred to as the K-value. Note that Ky is dimensionless. i eq i yi x y K ⎟⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = (1) where yi is the mole fraction of species i in the vapor phase and xi is the liquid.
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