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Chapter 31 – Alternating Current

Chapter 31 Alternating Current - Phasors and Alternating Currents- Resistance and Reactance- Magnetic-Field Energy- The L-R-C Series circuit - Power in Alternating - Current Circuits- Resonance in Alternating - Current Circuits- Transformers1. Phasors and Alternating CurrentstVv cos=Ex. source of ac: coil of wire rotating withconstant in a magnetic field sinusoidalalternating cos=v, i = instantaneous potential difference / , I = maximum potential difference / Current voltage/ Current amplitude. = 2 fPhasor Diagrams- Represent sinusoidally varying voltages / currents through the projection of a vector,with length equal to the amplitude, onto a horizontal Phasor:vector that rotates counterclockwisewith constant .Iirav 2=Rectified average Current (Irav): during any whole number of cycles, the total charge that flows is sameas if Current were constant (Irav).

Comparing ac circuit elements: - R is independent of ω. - XL and X C depend on ω. - If ω= 0 (dc circuit) Xc = 1/ ωC ∞ ic = 0 XL = ωL = 0 - If ω ∞, X L ∞ iL = 0 XC = 0 VC = 0 current changes direction so rapidly that no charge can build up on each plate.

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