Transcription of CHAPTER 4 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY AND APPLICATION
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CHAPTER 4 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY AND APPLICATION
CHAPTER 4 EARTH PRESSURE THEORY AND APPLICATION EARTH PRESSURE THEORY AND APPLICATION GENERAL All shoring systems shall be designed to withstand lateral EARTH PRESSURE , water PRESSURE and the effect of surcharge loads in accordance with the general principles and guidelines specified in this Caltrans Trenching and Shoring Manual. SHORING TYPES Shoring systems are generally classified as unrestrained (non-gravity cantilevered), and restrained (braced or anchored). Unrestrained shoring systems rely on structural components of the wall partially embedded in the foundation material to mobilize passive resistance to lateral loads. Restrained shoring systems derive their capacity to resist lateral loads by their structural components being restrained by tension or compression elements connected to the vertical structural members of the shoring system and, additionally, by the partial embedment (if any) of their structural components into the foundation material.
Eq. 4-1. Eq. 4-1 . Eq. 4-2 . Depending on the wall movement, the coefficient K represents active (K. a), passive (K. p) or at-rest (K. o) earth pressure coefficient in the above equation. The resultant lateral earth load, P, which is equal to the area of the load diagram, shall be assumed
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