Transcription of CHAPTER 5 SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND LABORATORY TESTING
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CHAPTER 5 SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND LABORATORY TESTING
2019 Geotechnical Manual Page 1 of 19 CHAPTER 5 SOIL CLASSIFICATION AND LABORATORY TESTING GENERAL: WEIGHT VOLUME RELATIONSHIP In nature, soils are three-phase systems consisting of solid soil particles, water, and air (or gas). To develop the weight-volume relationships for a soil, the three phases can be separated as shown in Figure (a). Based on this separation, the volume relationships can be defined in the following manner. Void ratio (e) is the ratio of the volume of voids to the volume of soil solids in a given soil mass defined by: = Equation ( ) Where: Vv = volume of voids Vs = volume of soil solids Porosity ( ) is the ratio of the volume of voids to the volume of the soil or, = 100(%) Equation ( ) Where: V = total volume of soil Moreover, = = + = + = 1+ Equation ( ) Degree of saturation (S), defined by the following, is the ratio of the volume of water in the void spaces to the volume of voids, which indicates the percentag
5.3.1.1 SIEVE ANALYSIS A sieve analysis is a quantitative determination of the distribution of particle sizes present in the soil sample. The testing will be accompanied by means of a hydrometer analyses. The method of determining the distribution of particle sizes in soils shall be in accordance with
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