Transcription of Chapter Nine RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
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Chapter Nine RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
Chapter NineRAY OPTICSAND INTRODUCTIONN ature has endowed the human eye (retina) with the sensitivity to detectelectromagnetic waves within a small range of the electromagneticspectrum. Electromagnetic radiation belonging to this region of thespectrum (wavelength of about 400 nm to 750 nm) is called light. It ismainly through light and the sense of vision that we know and interpretthe world around are two things that we can intuitively mention about light fromcommon experience. First, that it travels with enormous speed and second,that it travels in a straight line. It took some time for people to realise thatthe speed of light is finite and measurable. Its presently accepted valuein vacuum is c = 108 m s 1. For many purposes, it sufficesto take c = 3 108 m s 1.
Physics 312 The distance between the focus F and the pole P of the mirror is called the focal length of the mirror, denoted by f.We now show that f = R/2, where R is the radius of curvature of the mirror. The geometry of reflection of an incident ray is shown in Fig. 9.4.
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