Classification: Basic Concepts and Techniques

3 Classification: BasicConcepts andTechniquesHumans have an innate ability to classify things into categories, , mundanetasks such as filtering spam email messages or more specialized tasks suchas recognizing celestial objects in telescope images (see Figure ). Whilemanual classification often suffices for small and simple data sets with onlya few attributes, larger and more complex data sets require an automatedsolution.(a) A spiral galaxy.(b) An elliptical of galaxies from telescope images taken from the NASA website. 114 Chapter 3 ClassificationClassificationmodelInputAt tribute set(x)OutputClass label(y)Figure schematic illustration of a classification chapter introduces the Basic Concepts of classification and describessome of its key issues such as model overfitting, model selection, and modelevaluation.

3 Classification: Basic Concepts and Techniques Humanshaveaninnateabilitytoclassifythingsintocategories,e.g.,mundane tasks such as filtering spam email messages or ...

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