Transcription of Classification: Basic Concepts, Decision Trees, and Model ...
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4 Classification: Basic Concepts, Decision Trees, andModel EvaluationClassification, which is the task of assigning objects to one of several predefinedcategories, is a pervasive problem that encompasses many diverse include detecting spam email messages based upon the messageheader and content, categorizing cells as malignant or benign based upon theresults of MRI scans, and classifying galaxies based upon their shapes (seeFigure ).(a) A spiral galaxy.(b) An elliptical of galaxies. The images are from the NASA Chapter 4 ClassificationClassificationmodelInputAt tribute set(x)OutputClass label(y)Figure as the task of mapping an input attribute setxinto its class chapter introduces the Basic concepts of classification, describes someof the key issues such as Model overfitting, and presents methods for evaluatingand comparing the performance of a classification technique.
tree, which is a hierarchical structure consisting of nodes and directed edges. Figure 4.4 shows the decision tree for the mammal classification problem. The tree has three types of nodes: • A root node that has no incoming edges and zero or more outgoing edges. • Internal nodes, each of which has exactly one incoming edge and two
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