ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH

A BRIEF HISTORY OF ETHICAL CONCERNSETHICAL PRINCIPLESP lanning ResearchResponsibilityState and Federal LawsInducement to ParticipateReporting Results and PlagiarismInstitutional ApprovalInformed ConsentConsent and CyberspaceTHE USE OF DECEPTION IN RESEARCHWhen Is Deception Used?Deception and the APAThe Effects of DeceptionAlternatives to DeceptionETHICAL RESEARCH USING ANIMALSWhy Use Animals in RESEARCH ?APA PrinciplesAlternative ApproachesIF THE UNIVERSITYor college you are attending conducts psychological re-search, as a psychology major, you have probably participated in at least one researchinvestigation. If you have participated, you likely remember signing the consent form thatthe researcher handed you prior to beginning the experiment. The consent form most45 CHAPTERETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RESEARCH4045-61/SpataCH04 11/18/02 6:23 PM Page 45likely told you something about the nature and purpose of the study, what would occurduring the experimental session, whether any risk was involved, and assured you that alldata collected from you would be coded to protect your identity and privacy.

As these examples so starkly remind us, ethical guidelines and principles for con-ducting research with human participants (and nonhuman ones as well) are clearly needed. Both the American Psychological Association (APA) and the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have established guidelines that all researchers in the United

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