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Experiment #3 - Hydrocarbons

CCCCCCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHCCCCCCCCHHHHHH HHHCHHHCHHHHHHHHHCHHHCCCCCCCHHCHHHHHHHHH HHHHH octane - unbranched (straight-chain)4-ethyl-2-methyloctane - branchedethylcyclohexane - cyclicFigure 1 - Unbranched, branched, andcyclic #3 - HydrocarbonsIntroductionOrganic chemistry is the chemistry of thecompounds of carbon. Currently over twentymillion compounds have been reported in thechemical literature; about 90% of them areorganic, ie they contain carbon. The remainingcompounds are called inorganic and are formedfrom the other elements, of which there areabout 100. That carbon so dominatescompound formation is a result of the fact that itis almost unique in its ability to form longchains with other carbon atoms. [Carbon sneighbor in the periodic table, silicon, can dothis but rarely does.]

All of the other substances in these reactions are colorless. So, when bromine is added to an alkene or alkyne the red-brown color dissipates quickly, often almost instantly. Bromine can react with an alkane, but this reaction requires heat or ultraviolet light to be successful, and the reaction is a substitution, not an addition: a hydrogen is

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