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Explaining Preferences from Behavior: A Cognitive ...

Explaining Preferences from Behavior: A Cognitive Dissonance ApproachAvidit Acharya, Stanford UniversityMatthew Blackwell, Harvard UniversityMaya Sen, Harvard UniversityThe standard approach in positive political theory posits that action choices are the consequences of Preferences . Socialpsychology in particular, Cognitive dissonance theory suggests the opposite: Preferences may themselves be affectedby action choices. We present a framework that applies this idea to three models of political choice: (1) one in whichpartisanship emerges naturally in a two-party system despite policy being multidimensional, (2) one in which interactionswith people who express different views can lead to empathetic changes in political positions, and (3) one in which ethnicor racial hostility increases after acts of violence.

individual’s preference, rational choice theory might predict that she will quit choosing the action or avoid it. Depending on the individual’s preferences, the assumption guiding the traditional approach is that preferences dictate actions, not vice …

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