Transcription of External Corrosion of Oil and Natural Gas Pipelines
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External Corrosion of Oil and Natural Gas Pipelines
External Corrosion ofOil and Natural Gas PipelinesJohn A. Beavers and Neil G. Thompson, CC TechnologiesPIPELINES play an extremely important rolethroughout the world as a means of transportinggases and liquids over long distances from theirsources to the ultimate consumers. The generalpublic is not aware of the number of pipelinesthat are continually in service as a primary meansof transportation. A buried operating pipeline israther unobtrusive and rarely makes its presenceknown except at valves, pumping or compressorstations, or terminals. In the United States, therewere approximately 217,000 km (135,000 mi)of hazardous liquid transmission Pipelines ,34,000 km (21,000 mi) of crude oil gatheringpipelines, 483,000 km (300,000 mi) of naturalgas transmission Pipelines , and 45,000 km(28,000 mi) of Natural gas gathering Pipelines in2000 (Ref 1 3). There were approximately 60major Natural gas transmission pipeline opera-tors and 150 major hazardous liquid pipelineoperators in the United States in 1998 (Ref 4).
Oct 30, 2000 · gas transmission pipelines, and 45,000 km (28,000 mi) of natural gas gathering pipelines in 2000 (Ref 1–3). There were approximately 60 major natural gas transmission pipeline opera-tors and 150 major hazardous liquid pipeline operators in the United States in …
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