Genetically modified crops

PART 4 Genetically modified cropsBiotechnology encompasses a wide range of technolo-gies and they can be applied for a range of differentpurposes, such as the genetic improvement of plant va-rieties and animal populations to increase their yieldsor efficiency; genetic characterization and conservationof genetic resources; plant or animal disease diagnosis;vaccine development; and improvement of feeds. Someof the technologies may be applied to all the food andagriculture sectors, such as the use of molecular DNAmarkers or genetic modification, while others are moresector-specific, such as tissue culture (in crops and foresttrees), embryo transfer (livestock) or triploidization andsex-reversal (fish).

The sustainability of a rapidly growing agricultural bio-based economy, especially one reliant on liquid fuels, has generated the “food versus fuel” debate. The links between bio-industries and food security are complex and multi-faceted. Ensuring the sustainable develop-ment of bio sectors becomes challenging when one tries

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