Transcription of Heterogeneous Catalysis - CaltechAUTHORS
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Heterogeneous Catalysis - CaltechAUTHORS
_ _~---=---5. Heterogeneous Catalysis I Introduction Catalysis is a term coined by Baron J. J. Berzelius in 1835 to describe the property of substances that facilitate chemical reactions without being consumed in them. A. broad definition of Catalysis also allows for materials that slow the rate of a reac- tion. Whereas catalysts can greatly affect the rate of a reaction, the equilibrium com- position of reactants and products is still determined solely by thermodynamics. Heterogeneous catalysts are distinguished from homogeneous catalysts by the dif- ferent phases present during reaction. Homogeneous catalysts are present in the same phase as reactants and products, usually liquid, while Heterogeneous catalysts are present in a different phase, usually solid.
140 CHAPTER 5 Heterogeneolls Catalysis 5.2 I Kinetics of Elementary Steps: Adsorption, Desorption, and Surface Reaction The necessary first step in a heterogeneous catalytic reaction involves activation ofa reactant molecule by adsorption onto a catalyst surface.
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