Transcription of Information, Entropy, and Coding
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Information, Entropy, and Coding
Chapter 8 Information, Entropy, The Need for Data CompressionTo motivate the material in this chapter, we first consider various data sourcesand some estimates for the amount of data associated with each source. TextUsing standard ASCII representation, each character (letter, space,punctuation mark, etc.) in a text document requires 8 bits or 1 we have a fairly dense text with 50 lines of text per page and 100characters per line. This would give 5 kB per page. If the text were a hefty1000 pages, this would result in 5 MB. Alternatively, if we assume one wordis on average 6 characters, then each word requires approximately 6 , a one million word document would require approximately 6MB. Although these numbers may sound big, remember that this is for avery large text document. As we ll see other media result in significantlymore data. AudioIn digital audio, it s typical to use 16 bits per sample and 44,100samples per second, resulting in 706 kb/sec or kB/sec.
Coding 8.1 The Need for Data Compression ... requires about 472 MB, while one minute of color video requires 1.416 GB. A two hour black/white video requires 56.6 GB, while a two hour color video requires almost 170 GB! The estimates above …
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