Transcription of INTRODUCTION: BASIC GEOGRAPHIC CONCEPTS
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INTRODUCTION: BASIC GEOGRAPHIC CONCEPTS
introduction : BASIC GEOGRAPHIC CONCEPTSEric JessupAssociate ProfessorSchool of Economic SciencesSeptember 13, 2010 Outline What is geographical / spatial analysis and why do we care ? Different types of GEOGRAPHIC data Vector Raster Topological GIS Terms / Definitions Coordinate Systems ? GEOGRAPHIC Coordinate Systems Projected Coordinate Systems Minimizing Distortion Common File Types:Where ever you s where you ll Geographical Intersection of InformationHow knowledge is data (Points, Lines, Areas)Raster data (Grids/Cells)Non-GeographicalSocio EconomicDescriptive AttributesWhy should you care?The most powerful analytical tool at your disposal! data TypesVector data : A vector is made up of three different types of elements:1) nodes, which are single sets of coordinates (x, y, z) which define a point (such as a spring); 2) lines, which are curvilinear strings of coordinates which define a curved line (such as a stream); and 3) polygons, which are collections of lines which inscribe an area (such as a lake).
Raster Data: A data structure (logically, a 2-dimensional array) that contains rows and columns of numbers of a single data type. Each number represents the value of some parameter (like …
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