Transcription of INTRODUCTION MACHINE LEARNING
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INTRODUCTION . TO. MACHINE LEARNING . AN EARLY DRAFT OF A PROPOSED. TEXTBOOK. Nils J. Nilsson Robotics Laboratory Department of Computer Science Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305. e-mail: November 3, 1998. Copyright 2005. c Nils J. Nilsson This material may not be copied, reproduced, or distributed without the written permission of the copyright holder. ii Contents 1 Preliminaries 1. INTRODUCTION .. 1. What is MACHINE LEARNING ? .. 1. Wellsprings of MACHINE LEARNING .. 3. Varieties of MACHINE LEARNING .. 4. LEARNING Input-Output Functions .. 5. Types of LEARNING .. 5. Input Vectors .. 7. Outputs .. 8. Training Regimes .. 8. Noise .. 9. Performance Evaluation .. 9. LEARNING Requires Bias .. 9. Sample Applications .. 11. Sources .. 13. Bibliographical and Historical Remarks .. 13. 2 Boolean Functions 15. Representation .. 15. Boolean Algebra .. 15. Diagrammatic Representations .. 16. Classes of Boolean Functions .. 17. Terms and Clauses .. 17. DNF Functions.
1.1. INTRODUCTION 3 Human designers often produce machines that do not work as well as desired in the environments in which they are used. In fact, certain char-acteristics of the working environment might not be completely known at design time. Machine learning methods can be used for on-the-job improvement of existing machine designs.
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