Transcription of Introduction to Electric Motors - STMicroelectronics
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Fundamentals of motor controlIndustrial & Power conversion TrainingAgenda1 Basic principle3 Three-phase brushless DC motor2 Brush DC motor4 Bipolar stepper motor2 Basic principleAnelectric motor isa device converting electrical energy into mechanical energy (generally a torque).This conversion is usually obtained through the generation of a magnetic field by means of a current flowing into one or more an Electric motor isMechanicalenergyMotorElectricalenergy4 Rotor and stator magnetic fieldsThe rotation is obtained thanks to the attractive force between two magnetic fields: One field is located on the rotor (the moving part). The second magnetic field is located on the stator (the body of the motor).BstaBrot RotationUsually one of the two is generated by a permanent magnet while the other one is generated through an electromagnet (solenoid).5 Magnetic field generationThe relation between electrical energy (current) and magnetic field generated by a solenoid (coil) is obtained through the following formula: = BIph6 Torque and load angleThe output torque of an electrical motor depends on the intensity of the rotor and stator magnetic fields and on their phase relation: sin( ) ( )The angle between the two magnetic field is named load maximum output torqu
The electric motor operation is based on the following points: • At least one of the two magnetic field is generated by a solenoid carrying a current. • Phase relation between the rotor and stator magnetic field (i.e. the load angle) must be always greater than 0° in order to keep the motor in motion (negative angles reverse the rotation).
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