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Introduction to Simulation Using R

Chapter 13 Introduction to Simulation Using RA. Rakhshan and H. Analysis versus Computer SimulationA computer Simulation is a computer program which attempts to represent the real world basedon a model. The accuracy of the Simulation depends on the precision of the model. Suppose thatthe probability of heads in a coin toss experiment is unknown. We can perform the experimentof tossing the coinntimes repetitively to approximate the probability of (H) =Number of times heads observedNumber of times the experiment executedHowever, for many practical problems it is not possible to determine the probabilities by exe-cuting experiments a large number of times. With today s computers processing capabilities, weonly need a high-level language, such as R, which can generate random numbers, to deal withthese this chapter, we present basic methods of generating random variables and simulateprobabilistic systems.

Example 7. (Poisson) Generate a Poisson random variable. Hint: In this example, use the fact that the number of events in the interval [0;t] has Poisson distribution when the elapsed times between the events are Exponential. Solution: We want to employ the de nition of Poisson processes. Assume Nrepresents the number of events (arrivals) in [0,t].

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  Processes, Poisson, Poisson processes

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