Transcription of Macromolecules Chart
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Macromolecules Chart
Macromolecules Chart Macromolecule (polymer) Functional Groups, Basic Formula Monomer Subgroups Examples Uses Carbo-hydrates C:H:O 1:2:1 Mono-saccharide Monosaccharides-simple sugars Disaccharides-double sugars Polysaccharides-many sugars Glucose,fructose, galactose Sucrose Starch-plants Glycogen-animals Cellulose-plants Chitin-insects Energy Store energy structure Lipids CHO Greater than 2:1 H:O ratio (carboxyl group) Fatty acid and glycerol Saturated (all single bonds) Monounsaturated (one double bond) Polyunsaturated (two or more double bonds) Phospholipids (phosphate replaces a FA) Steroids (4 fused rings) Waxes ( OH replaces a FA) Butter Soft margarine Olive oil Cell membrane Cholesterol Testosterone progesterone Beeswax (paraffin) High calorie foods, energy storage Protect cell Chemical messengers Repel water (leaves) Proteins CHON -NH2 + -COOH + group Amino acids Dipeptide (2 amino acids) Polypeptide (many AA) Enzymes Muscles Skin Some hormones Storage Signal Structural Contractile Defensive Enzyme Transport Receptor Nucleic acids CHONP -5-C ribose, phosphate, nitrogenous base Nucleotide (5-C ribose sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base) DNA RNA Stores and transmits genetic information Genetic information
Olive oil Cell membrane Cholesterol Testosterone Progesterone Beeswax (paraffin) High calorie foods, energy storage Protect cell Chemical messengers Repel water (leaves) Proteins CHON -NH 2 + -COOH + group Amino acids Dipeptide (2 amino acids) Polypeptide (many AA) Enzymes Muscles Skin Some hormones Storage Signal Structural Contractile Defensive
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