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MOSFET Device Physics and Operation
1 MOSFET Device Physicsand INTRODUCTIONA field effect transistor (FET) operates as a conducting semiconductor channel with twoohmic contacts thesourceand thedrain where the number of charge carriers in thechannel is controlled by a third contact thegate. In the vertical direction, the gate-channel-substrate structure (gate junction)can be regarded as an orthogonal two-terminaldevice, which is either a MOS structure or a reverse-biased rectifying Device that controlsthe mobile charge in the channel by capacitive coupling (field effect). Examples of FETsbased on these principles are metal-oxide-semiconductor FET ( MOSFET ), junction FET(JFET), metal-semiconductor FET (MESFET), and heterostructure FET (HFETs).
2 MOSFET DEVICE PHYSICS AND OPERATION Gate Source Drain Semiconductor substrate Insulator Gate junction Substrate contact Conducting channel Figure 1.1 Schematic illustration of a generic field effect transistor.
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