Transcription of New Code Requirements for Calculating Heat Input
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61 WELDING JOURNALW elding waveforms are used to limitdistortion, weld open roots, and to con-trol HAZ properties. Waveform controlis essential for common processes like up-hill GMA pulse welding. Power sourcesthat support pulsing (GMAW-P, GTAW-P, etc.) are the most common waveform-controlled power sources. Those mar-keted as synergic, programmable, or mi-croprocessor-controlled are also likely tosupport waveform-controlled correlation between heat inputand mechanical properties is blurredwhen heat Input is calculated using cur-rent and voltage readings from conven-tional meters . This includes external me-ters and even those located on the weld-ing power source. It s not that the metersare incorrect in fact, most are cali-brated and tested to NIST , the inaccuracy involves the meansof capturing and displaying the data. Conventional DC meters display aver-age voltage and average current. Conven-tional AC meters display RMS values. Toaccurately indicate the energy Input to aweld, the voltage and current readingsmust be multiplied together at very rapidintervals that will capture brief changes inthe welding waveforms.
software.com.For a power source that doesn’t support the display of energy or power, external meters are available. A meter with demonstrated accuracy in this
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Conductivity and TDS Meters, Electric, E-Series Electric Fin Stabilizers, GE Energy introduces an enhanced line, Meters, List of Approved Water Meters and Related, List of Approved Water Meters . and Related, Industrial flow meters/flow transmitters, Texas Instruments, Understanding Water Meters, Memphis Light, Gas and Water