Transcription of Phase I Clinical Trial Design
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Phase I Clinical Trial Design Lawrence V Rubinstein, PhD* Richard M Simon, DSc* Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Institute 6130 Executive Blvd, Suite 8130, MSC 7434 Bethesda, MD 20892-7434 Phone: 301-496-4836 FAX: 301-402-0560 ( To Appear in Handbook of Anticancer Drug Development) * Authors contributed equally and are listed alphabetically Introduction The objective of a Phase I Trial is to determine the appropriate dosage of an agent or combination to be taken into further study and to provide initial pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic studies. It is generally assumed, at this stage of testing, that increased dose is associated with increased chance of Clinical efficacy. Therefore, the Phase I Trial is designed as a dose-escalation study to determine the maximum tolerable dosage (MTD), that is, the maximum dose associated with an acceptable level of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT--usually defined to be grade 3 or above toxicity, excepting grade 3 neutropenia unaccompanied by either fever or infection 35).
The initial dose for the phase I trial is taken to be 1/10 the MELD10 or, if smaller, 1/3 the LD10 (associated with 10% lethality) in the beagle dog 23. The use of a second species has been shown to be necessary, since in approximately 20% of approximately 90 reviewed drugs, mouse data alone was insufficient to safely predict
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