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Section 7: Free electron model - UNLcms: UNL Content ...

Physics 927 1 Section 7: Free electron model A free electron model is the simplest way to represent the electronic structure of metals. Although the free electron model is a great oversimplification of the reality, surprisingly in many cases it works pretty well, so that it is able to describe many important properties of metals. According to this model , the valence electrons of the constituent atoms of the crystal become conduction electrons and travel freely throughout the crystal.

The wavefunctions (7.10) are the eigenfunctions of the momentum p =−i∇, which can be easily seen by differentiating (7.10) : pψk (r) =−i∇ψk (r) =kψk (r). (7.13) The eigenvalue of the momentum is k . The velocity of the electron is defined by v =p/m =k /m.

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