Transcription of THE TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE
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THE TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE
A truck or plane. It sounds like a very complicated way to deliver one message, but this system makes the overall task of delivering many messages easier, not harder. For example, there now can be facilities that only deal with mailbags and do not worry about an individual letter s language or the transportation TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITEThe PROTOCOL stack used on the Internet is the Internet PROTOCOL SUITE . It is usually called TCP/IP after two of its most prominent protocols, but there are other proto-cols as well. The TCP/IP model is based on a fi ve-layer model for networking. From bottom (the link) to top (the user application), these are the physical, data link, net-work, transport, and application layers. Not all layers are completely defi ned by the model, so these layers are fi lled in by external standards and protocols. The layers have names but no numbers, and although sometimes people speak of Layer 2 or Layer 3, these are not TCP/IP terms.
User Application Programs Application Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer Network Link(s) FIGURE 1.9 The fi ve layers of TCP/IP. Older models often show only four layers, combining the physical and data link layers. Suite, Stack, and Model The term “protocol stack” is often used synonymously with “protocol ...
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