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UNIT 2 THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

Like expanding ripples in a pond after a pebblehas been tossed in, ELECTROMAGNETIC radiationtravels across space in the form of waves. Thesewaves travel at the speed of light 300,000 kilo-meters per second. Their wavelengths, the dis-tance from wave crest to wave crest, vary fromthousands of kilometers across (in the case ofthe longest radio waves) to fractions of ananometer, in the cases of the smallest x-raysand gamma rays. ELECTROMAGNETIC radiation has properties of bothwaves and particles. What we detect depends on themethod we use to study it. The beautiful colors thatappear in a soap film or in the dispersion of lightfrom a diamond are best described as waves.

universe, shows up in the microwave spectrum. Infrared studies (also radio studies) tell us about molecules in space. For example, an infrared search reveals huge clouds of formaldehyde in space, each more than a million times more mas-sive than the Sun. Some ultraviolet light comes from powerful galaxies very far away. Astronomers

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