Water sampling and analysis - WHO

4. Water sampling AND sampling and analysisIdeally, a laboratory infrastructure should be established which will enable allsamples to be returned to a central or regional laboratory within a few hours ofbeing taken. However, this depends on the availability of a good road system andof reliable motorized transport for all sampling officers, and these are not availablein many countries. Thus, although it may be possible to establish well-equippedcentral and even regional laboratories for Water analysis , at the provincial anddistrict levels it may be necessary to rely on a relatively small number of simpletests. As noted in Chapter 1, this approach is sometimes called critical-parameterwater most important factor to take into account is that, in most communities,the principal risk to human health derives from faecal contamination. In somecountries there may also be hazards associated with specific chemical contami-nants such as fluoride or arsenic, but the levels of these substances are unlikely tochange significantly with time.

GUIDELINES FOR DRINKING-WATER QUALITY 52 4.1 Sampling The guidelines provided here take into account experience in surveillance programmes in remote, typically rural, areas and in periurban communities.

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