Chemistry data booklet - IB Alchemy

1 Published February 2014 International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 4073 Chemistry data booklet First assessment 2016 Diploma Programme Contents 1. Some relevant equations 1 2. Physical constants and unit conversions 2 3. The electromagnetic spectrum 2 4. Fundamental particles 2 5. Names of the elements 3 6. The periodic table 5 7. Melting and boiling points of the elements 6 8. First ionization energy, electron affinity and electronegativity of the elements 7 9. Atomic and ionic radii of the elements 8 10. Covalent bond lengths 9 11. Bond enthalpies and average bond enthalpies at 298 K 10 12.

2 Selected compounds thermodynamic data 11 13. Enthalpies of combustion 13 14. Common oxidation numbers of 3-D ions 14 15. Spectrochemical series 14 16. Ligands 14 17. Colour wheel 15 18. Lattice enthalpies at 298 K (experimental values) 15 19. Enthalpies of aqueous solutions 16 20. Enthalpies of hydration 16 21. Strengths of organic acids and bases 17 22. Acid base indicators 18 23. Ionization constant of water at varying temperatures 19 24. Standard electrode potentials 20 25. Activity series 21 26. Infrared data 22 27. 1H NMR data 23 28. Mass spectral fragments lost 24 29.

3 Triangular bonding diagram 24 30. Resin identification codes 25 31. Representations of some materials molecules 25 32. Solubility product constants 26 Chemistry data booklet 33. 2-amino acids 27 34. Lipids, carbohydrates and nucleotide components 29 35. Vitamins and pigments 31 36. Binding energy curve 33 37. Representations of some medicinal molecules 34 38. References 36 Notes This booklet cannot be used for paper 1 of the examination (SLP1 and HLP1), but the periodic table given in section 6 will be available as part of these examination papers. Clean copies of this booklet must be made available to candidates for papers 2 and 3 (SLP2, HLP2, SLP3 and HLP3).

4 Chemistry data booklet 1. Some relevant equations Topic Equation Topic Equation = % Atom Economy =molar mass of desired productmolar mass of all reactants x 100% and = =2 = = + log [ ][ ] = log10[H3O+] or = log10[H+] log10 0 = = Energy density = energy released from fuelvolume of fuel consumed = Speci ic energy= energy released from fuelmass of fuel consumed = = 0 ln = +ln and 1 2= ln2 ln 1 2= 1 2 1 1 = 0 ln = ln Rate1 Rate2 = 2 1 = = 0( )

5 Chemistry data booklet 1 2. Physical constants and unit conversions Avogadro s constant (L or NA) = 1023 mol 1 Gas constant (R) = J K 1 mol 1 Molar volume of an ideal gas at STP = 10 2 m3 mol 1 (= dm3 mol 1) 1 dm3 = 1 litre = 1 10 3 m3 = 1 103 cm3 STP conditions = 273 K and 100 kPa SATP conditions = 298 K and 100 kPa Speed of light = 108 ms 1 Specific heat capacity of water = kJ kg 1 K 1 = J g 1 K 1 Planck s constant (h) = 10 34 J s Faraday s constant (F) = 96 500 C mol 1 Ionic product constant for water (Kw) = 10 14 at 298 K 1 amu = 10 27 kg 3. The electromagnetic spectrum 4.

6 Fundamental particles Proton Neutron Electron Mass (kg) Charge (C) 10 27 10 19 10 27 0 10 31 10 19 Chemistry data booklet 2 5. Names of the elements Element Symbol Atomic number Element Symbol Atomic number actinium aluminium americium antimony argon arsenic astatine barium berkelium beryllium bismuth bohrium boron bromine cadmium caesium calcium californium carbon cerium chlorine chromium cobalt copernicium copper curium darmstadtium dubnium dysprosium einsteinium erbium europium fermium fluorine francium Ac Al Am Sb Ar As At Ba Bk Be Bi Bh B Br Cd Cs Ca Cf C Ce Cl Cr Co Cn Cu Cm Ds Db Dy Es Er Eu Fm F Fr 89 13 95 51 18 33 85 56 97 4 83 107 5 35 48 55 20 98 6 58 17 24 27 112 29 96 110 105 66 99 68 63 100 9 87

7 Mendelevium mercury molybdenum neodymium neon neptunium nickel niobium nitrogen nobelium osmium oxygen palladium phosphorus platinum plutonium polonium potassium praseodymium promethium protactinium radium radon rhenium rhodium roentgenium rubidium ruthenium rutherfordium samarium scandium seaborgium selenium silicon silver Md Hg Mo Nd Ne Np Ni Nb N No Os O Pd P Pt Pu Po K Pr Pm Pa Ra Rn Re Rh Rg Rb Ru Rf Sm Sc Sg Se Si Ag 101 80 42 60 10 93 28 41 7 102 76 8 46 15 78 94 84 19 59 61 91 88 86 75 45 111 37 44 104 62 21 106 34 14 47 Chemistry data booklet 3 Element Symbol Atomic number Element Symbol Atomic number gadolinium gallium germanium gold hafnium hassium helium holmium hydrogen indium iodine iridium iron krypton lanthanum lawrencium lead lithium lutetium magnesium manganese meitnerium Gd Ga Ge Au Hf Hs He Ho H In I Ir Fe Kr La Lr Pb Li Lu Mg Mn Mt 64 31 32 79 72 108 2 67 1 49 53 77 26 36 57 103 82 3 71 12 25 109 sodium strontium sulfur tantalum technetium tellurium terbium thallium thorium thulium tin titanium tungsten uranium vanadium xenon ytterbium yttrium zinc zirconium Na Sr S Ta Tc Te Tb Tl Th Tm Sn Ti W U V Xe Yb Y Zn Zr 11 38 16 73 43 52 65 81 90 69 50 22 74 92 23 54

8 70 39 30 40 Chemistry data booklet 4 6. The periodic table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 1 H 2 He 2 3 Li 4 Be Atomic number Element Relative atomic mass 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne 3 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar 4 19 K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr 5 37 Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc (98) 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe 6 55 Cs 56 Ba 57 La 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po (209) 85 At (210) 86 Rn (222) 7 87 Fr (223) 88 Ra (226) 89 Ac (227) 104 Rf (267) 105 Db (268) 106 Sg (269) 107 Bh (270) 108 Hs (269) 109 Mt (278) 110 Ds (281) 111 Rg (281) 112 Cn (285) 113 Uut (286) 114 Uuq (289) 115 Uup (288) 116 Uuh (293) 117 Uus (294) 118 Uuo (294) 58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm (145)

9 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu 90 Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np (237) 94 Pu (244) 95 Am (243) 96 Cm (247) 97 Bk (247) 98 Cf (251) 99 Es (252) 100 Fm (257) 101 Md (258) 102 No (259) 103 Lr (262) Chemistry data booklet 5 7. Melting points and boiling points of the elements (at kPa) H Melting point ( C) Element Boiling point ( C) He Li 1342 1287 Be 2468 2077 B 4000 3500 C 4827 N O F Ne Na 650 Mg 1090 Al 2519 1414 Si 3265 P S Cl Ar K 759 842 Ca 1484 1541 Sc 2836 1670 Ti 3287 1910 V 3407 1907 Cr 2671 1246 Mn 2061 1538 Fe 2861 1495 Co 2927 1455 Ni 2913 Cu 2560 Zn 907 Ga 2229 Ge 2833 817 As 616 Se 685 Br Kr Rb 688 777 Sr 1377 1522 Y 3345 1854 Zr 4406 2477 Nb 4741 2622 Mo 4639 2157 Tc 4262 2333 Ru 4147 1963 Rh 3695 Pd 2963 Ag

10 2162 Cd 767 In 2027 Sn 2586 Sb 1587 Te 988 I Xe Cs 671 727 Ba 1845 920 La 3464 2233 Hf 4600 3017 Ta 5455 3414 W 5555 3453 Re 5900 3033 Os 5008 2446 Ir 4428 Pt 3825 Au 2836 Hg 304 Tl 1473 Pb 1749 Bi 1564 254 Po 962 302 At 71 Rn 21 Fr 696 Ra 1050 Ac 3200 Chemistry data booklet 6 8. First ionization energy, electron affinity and electronegativity of the elements 1312 73 H First ionization energy (kJ mol 1) Electron affinity (kJ mol 1) 2nd EA / kJ mol-1 2372 He 520 60 Li 900 Be Element Electronegativity 801 27 B 1086 122 C 1402 N 1314 141 (+753) O 1681 328 F 2081 Ne 496 53 Na 738 Mg 578 42 Al 787 134 Si 1012 72 P 1000 200 (+545)