COST - himpub.com

1 COSTACCOUNTINGTHEORY, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONSMUMBAI z NEW DELHI z NAGPUR z BENGALURU z HYDERABAD z CHENNAI z PUNELUCKNOW z AHMEDABAD z ERNAKULAM z BHUBANESWAR z INDORE z KOLKATA z GUWAHATI(As per New Syllabus (CBCS) for Fourth Semester BBA,Bangalore University 2014-15)CMA M N Arora MCom, FCMAEx-Associate Professor in CommerceHANS RAJ COLLEGE, DELHI UNIVERSITYDELHI - 110007 Visiting Faculty in Business Schools AroraNo part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyform or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording and/or otherwise without theprior written permission of the author.

2 Breach of this will be liable for legal action.]First Edition:2016 Published by:Mrs. Meena Pandeyfor HIMALAYA PUBLISHING HOUSE PVT. LTD., Ramdoot , Dr. Bhalerao Marg, Girgaon, Mumbai - 400 : 2386 01 70/2386 38 63, Fax: 022-2387 71 78 Email: Offices:New Delhi: Pooja Apartments , 4-B, Murari Lal Street, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj,New Delhi - 110 002. Phone: 23270392, 23278631 Fax: 011-23256286 Nagpur:Kundanlal Chandak Industrial Estate, Ghat Road, Nagpur - 440 : 2738731, 3296733 Telefax : 0712-2721215 Bengaluru:No. 16/1 (Old 12/1), 1st Floor, Next to Hotel Highlands,Madhava Nagar, Race Course Road, Bengaluru - 560 : 22281541, 22385461, Telefax: 080-22286611 Hyderabad:No.

3 3-4-184, Lingampally, Besides Raghavendra Swamy Matham, Kachiguda,Hyderabad - 500 027. Phone: 040-27560041, 27550139, Mobile:- 09848130433 Telefax: 040-27560041 Chennai:New-20, Old-59, Thirumalai Pillai Road, T. Nagar, Chennai - 600 017. Mobile:9380460419 Pune:No. 527, "Laksha" Apartment, First Floor, Mehunpura, Shaniwarpeth, (NearPrabhat Theatre), Pune - 411 030. Phone: 020-24496323/24496333/32326733 Lucknow:House No. 731, Sehkhupura Colony, Near Convent School,Lucknow - 226 024. Mobile : 09307501549 Ahmedabad:No. 114, SHAIL , 1st Floor, Opp. Madhu Sudan House, , Navrang Pura,Ahmedabad 380 : 079-26560126, Mobiles: 09327324149,09314679413 Ernakulam:39/179 (New No: 60/251) 1st Floor, Karikkamuri Road, Ernakuklam, Kocjhi : 0484-2378012, 2378016; Mobile: 09387122121 Cochin 682011, Kerala.

4 Phone: 0484-2378012, 2378016, Mob.: 09344199799 Bhubaneswar :5 Station Square, Bhubaneswar (Orissa) - 751 : 9861046007, E-mail:- Avenue Extension, 73, Narayan No. 302, IIIrd Floor,Near Humpty Dumpty School, Narayan Bagh, Indore ( ) 452 007 Mobile: 09301386468 Kolkata:108/4, Beliaghata, Main Road, Near ID Hospital, Opp. SBI Bank, Kolkata - 700 : 09910440956, E-mail:- No. 15, Behind Prajjyotish College, Near Sharma Printing Press, Bharalumukh, Guwahati - 781009 (Assam)Mobile: 07439040301; 07439040302 Typeset at:Elite-Art, DelhiPrinted by:PrefaceAll business graduates must process knowledge of cost accounting concepts and practices.

5 It helps in planningand controlling of costs of products and services and also in making managerial decisions, which in turnassists in maximization of profit. This volume is an attempt to provide the students with thorough understandingof the cost accounting concepts, methods and techniques. I have presented the subject matter in a systematicand intelligible manner with liberal use of numerical illustrations and diagrams so as to make it interesting andsustain student book has been divided into five chapters to fully cover the syllabus of BBM Bangalore.

6 Based on theconviction that students can really learn cost accounting by solving problems, the theory and problems approachhas been adopted to fully meet all the examination needs of the students in one book. Thus apart from wellorganised theory , the book has sufficient number of solved problems and illustrations and unsolved problemswith answers and hints, apart from short answer questions and essay type questions. This will help studentstackle examination questions with ease. The theory questions and practical problems have been mostly selectedfrom examinations of BBM, BBA and of various leading Indian am sure this book will prove extremely useful to students and teachers am grateful to Himalaya Publishing House who initiated the idea for this book and then produced it in thisbeautiful look forward to feedback, comments and suggestions from students and : University COST ACCOUNTINGOBJECTIVEThe objective of this subject is to familiarize students with the various concepts and element of 1.

7 INTRODUCTION TO COST ACCOUNTING10 HrsIntroduction Meaning & Definition of Cost, Costing and Cost Accounting Objectives of Costing - Comparisonbetween Financial Accounting and Cost Accounting Application of Cost Accounting Designing and Installinga Cost Accounting System Cost Concepts - Classification of Costs Cost Unit Cost Center Elements ofCost Preparation of Cost Sheet Tenders and 2: MATERIAL COST CONTROL15 HrsMeaning Types Direct Material Indirect Material - Material Control Purchasing Procedure StoreKeeping Techniques of Inventory Control Setting of Stock Levels EOQ ABC Analysis VED Analysis Just In-Time Perpetual Inventory System Documents used in Material Accounting - Methods of PricingMaterial Issues FIFO LIFO Weighted Average Price Method and Simple Average Price 3.

8 LABOUR COST CONTROL10 HrsMeaning Types Direct Labour Indirect Labour Timekeeping Time booking Idle Time Overtime Labour Turn Over. Methods of Labour Remuneration - Time Rate System Piece Rate System IncentiveSystems Halsey plan Rowan Plan Taylor s differential Piece Rate System and Merrick s DifferentialPiece Rate System ProblemsUnit 4: OVERHEAD COST CONTROL15 HrsMeaning and Definition Classification of Overheads Procedure for Accounting and Control of Overheads Allocation of Overheads Apportionment of Overheads Primary Overhead Distribution Summary Secondary Overhead Distribution Summary Repeated Distribution Method and Simultaneous EquationsMethod Absorption of Factory Overheads Methods of Absorption Machine Hour Rate 5.

9 RECONCILIATION OF COST AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNTS10 HrsNeed for Reconciliation Reasons for differences in Profit or Loss shown by Cost Accounts and Profit or Lossshown by Financial Accounts Preparation of Reconciliation Statement and Memorandum DEVELOPMENT: Classification of costs incurred in the making of a product. Identification of elements of cost in services sector. Cost estimation for the making of a proposed product. Documentation relating to materials handling in a company. Collection and Classification of overheads in an organization. Discuss the reasons for LTO in as an Information and Functions of Cost Accounting and Financial Accounting of Cost of Cost or Objections Against cost of a costing of of of Costs for Decision of Excluded from Quotations or Tenders and Estimated Cost and Material Cost of (or Material) of (viii) Authorising Movements of Requisition of Return and Turnover Ratio (Inventory Turnover Ratio)

10 Of Pricing Material Ledger and Labour Cost and Indirect Labour for accounting and control of labour of Wage Payment (Labour Remuneration) Rate Rate and Overhead Cost and Classification of of (ix)Allocation and of Service Department of Factory of Absorption of Factory and Distribution and Reconciliation of Cost and Financial for for Disagreement of Profit or of Reconciliation and : Latest Question II : Skill int roductory chapt er provides a framework of cost account ing, explaing its basic concepts,cost classificat ions, elements of costs and preparat ion of cost sheet , of AccountingAccounting serves t he purpose of providing financial informat ion relat ing to act ivit ies of a informat ion is provided to shareholders, managers, creditors, debent ureholders, bankers, t axaut horit ies and ot hers.