Introduction to Biology Lab & Class Activity Worksheets

1 1 Introduction to Biology Lab & Class Activity Worksheets Contents LAB: The Penny Drop Lab .. 2 LAB: Variables- Alka Seltzer Activity .. 6 LAB: Shape of Water versus Drop Height .. 10 LAB: Graphing Review .. 15 LAB: Shape of Water versus Drop Height .. 21 LAB: Graphing Review .. 26 LAB: Using the Compound Microscope .. 32 LAB: Exploring Cells .. 47 LAB: Examination of Onion Cells .. 53 LAB: Examination of Elodea Cells .. 58 LAB: Measurement of Cell Types .. 63 Class Activity : Cellular Organelle Group Projects .. 66 Class Activity : Cell City Analogy .. 73 Class Activity : Respiration and Photosynthesis Group Projects .. 75 LAB: Yeast Anaerobic Respiration Lab .. 80 LAB: Photosynthesis .. 89 LAB: 98 LAB: Meiosis .. 101 Class Activity : Opinion Paper on Genetically Modified Foods.

2 104 Class Activity : Alien Taxonomy .. 108 Class Activity : Taxonomy, Classification, and Dichotomous Keys .. 110 LAB: Plant Biodiversity .. 112 Class Activity : Natural Selection .. 122 Class Activity : Case Studies in Bioethics and the Cost of Medical Treatments .. 126 LAB: Bioethics Debates .. 130 2 LAB: The Penny Drop Lab NAME:_____ DATE:_____ 3 SCIENTIFIC METHOD The Penny Drop Lab Introduction : Which side of a penny will hold more drops of water before spilling over on to a paper towel? OBJECTIVE: In this Activity , you will use the scientific method of inquiry to perform a laboratory experiment. The basic parts of the scientific process include the following: 1. Make observations 2. Formulate an hypothesis 3. Test the hypothesis 4.

3 Collect and analyze data 5. Draw a conclusion Materials: Small beaker of distilled water Paper towels one pipette One penny Alcohol 2 cotton balls Ruler PROCEDURE: 1. As you follow the instructions to complete this lab, fill in the steps of the scientific method by writing what you did at each step. STATE PROBLEM: _____ RECORD SEVERAL OBSERVATIONS ABOUT THE PENNY: a. (Sample answers include : civilizations had a number system, a language, honored important people, knowledge about metallurgy and architecture, tools for mining, religion, etc.) b. c. d. e. f. 4 g. FORMULATE A HYPOTHESIS: _____ TEST THE HYPOTHESIS PROCEDURE: 1. Using a paper towel, clean both sides of the penny with alcohol. Why do you think you are doing this?

4 2. On the lab table, place the penny heads up on a paper towel. 3. Squeeze the bulb of the pipette so that one drop lands on the penny. Record this number in the data table. 4. Wipe the penny dry of water. 5. Repeat steps 1-4 two more times. Record these numbers in the data table. 6. Calculate the mean (average) of the three trials and enter in the data table. 7. Flip the penny to the tails side and repeat steps 3-6. DATA TABLE: HEADS MEAN TAILS MEAN Trial 1 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 3 ANALYZE DATA: HEADS TAILS GRAPH DATA: Construct a bar graph using your data collected. Plot the MEAN data for both heads and tails on the same bar graph. Color the bar graph using one color for heads and a different color for tails.

5 Remember to label all parts of your bar graph. 5 STATE YOUR CONCLUSION: 6 LAB: Variables- Alka Seltzer Activity NAME:_____ DATE:_____ 7 Variable: Alka Seltzer Activity PART 1: PROCEDURE: Directions: Complete the following questions and activities. Questions and Activities 1. How much time do you think it will take for an Alka Seltzer tablet to dissolve (disappear) when dropped into 150mL of water at room temperature, in ice water, and in hot water?

6 Record predictions in the table below. 2. Take a thermometer and determine the temperature of water at room temperature, in ice water, and in hot water. Using a timing device, test your predictions and enter results in the data table. PART 2: Directions: Using graph paper, construct a line graph of tested results. Questions: Examine your graph and determine what relationship exists between water temperature and dissolving time. _____ 1. Using your graph, predict the dissolving time for the following temperatures: a. 45 b. 70 c. 5 _____ PART 3: A. Directions: DATA TABLE Water Condition Water Temperature Predicted Results Tested Results ROOM TEMP ICE WATER HOT WATER 8 1. When experimenting, it is very important to control as many variables as possible.

7 In scientific experiments there are three types of variables (factors). These are: MANIPULATED VARIABLE: Is systematically changed by the investigator RESPONDING VARIABLE: Changes as a result of the manipulation CONTROLLED VARIABLES: Are factors not allowed to change B. Questions: 1. List the variables in Part 1 that were controlled: _____ 2. Identify the manipulated variable. _____ 3. Identify the responding 9 Write a statement that shows the relationship between water temperature and dissolving time.

8 _____ 10 LAB: Shape of Water versus Drop Height NAME:_____ DATE:_____ 11 SCIENTIFIC METHOD Shape of Water versus Drop Height Introduction : If you dribble Kool-Aid while you are standing when you pour it, will it splatter more or less than if you are sitting when you pour it? OBJECTIVE: In this Activity , we will practice using the scientific method while investigating the effect of drop height on the size and shape of water droplet splatters when they land. We will be careful to change only the one item whose effect we will observe. This is called the EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLE. All of the other conditions must be kept completely identical. These conditions are called CONTROLS. PROCEDURE: As you follow the instructions to complete the water droplet investigation, fill in the steps of the scientific method by writing what you do at each step.

9 STATE PROBLEM: _____ GATHER INFORMATION (Name sources of information.): a.)_____ b.)_____ c.)_____ d.)_____ MAKE HYPOTHESIS: EXPERIMENT: _____ RECORD DATA: Use data table. 12 FORM CONCLUSION: 1. Add 2 drops of food coloring to your beaker 2. Add 100 mL of water and mix 3. Partially fill the pipette with colored water 4. Measure the heights listed in the data table using a metric ruler or a meter stick. Position it with one end on the splatter paper and the other end measuring drop height. 5. From each height, drop 3 drops of the colored water in different places on the paper. 6. Measure the diameter of the splatter in millimeters. Record each trial size in the data table. Add the 3 sizes to get a total. Divide by 3 to find the average size of each splatter.

10 7. Repeat this process for each height. 8. For each drop height, write a description of the splatter in the data table. For example: Drop is very round Drop broke apart Drop is surrounded by little splatters 9. On the graph, construct a bar graph, label the axes, and plot the average splatter versus the drop height. DATA: DIAMETER OF DROP SPLATTERS (mm) Drop Height Trial #1 Trial #2 Trial #3 TOTAL AVERAGE DESCRIPTION 5 cm 10 cm 20 cm 40 cm 80 cm 13 SHAPE OF WATER VERSUS DROP HEIGHT Height - cm QUESTIONS: 1.