Jonathan Bradshaw on Social Policy - University of …

1 Jonathan Bradshaw on Social PolicySelected Writings 1972 2011 Edited by Richard Cookson, Roy Sainsbury and Caroline GlendinningJonathan Bradshaw on Social PolicySelected Writings 1972 2011 J R Bradshaw , R A Cookson, R Sainsbury and C Glendinning 2013 Copyright in the original versions of the essays in this book resides with the original publishers, as listed in the acknowledgements. Published by University of by Richard Cookson, Roy Sainsbury and Caroline rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, adapted, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the copyright rights of J R Bradshaw , R A Cookson, R Sainsbury and C Glendinning to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British 978-1-907265-22-8 (paperback)ISBN 978-1-907265-23-5 (epub)ISBN 978-1-907265-24-2 (mobi)Cover design by Richard Cookson and Clare BrayshawPrepared and printed by:York Publishing Services Ltd64 Hallfield RoadLayerthorpeYork YO31 7 ZQTel: 01904 431213 Website: on the editors Acknowledgements Introduction 1.

2 The taxonomy of Social need 12. Legalism and discretion 133. The family fund: an initiative in Social Policy 354. Energy and Social Policy 715. Evaluating adequacy: the potential of budget standards 816. Policy and the employment of lone parents in 20 countries 1057. Absent fathers? 1258. Preface to Poverty: a study of town life, centennial edition 1519. Overlaps in dimensions of poverty 19510. How has the notion of Social exclusion developed? 21511. An international perspective on child benefit packages 24112. An index of child well-being in Europe 26313. Trends in child subjective well-being in the UK 323 Notes on the editorsRichard Cookson Reader, Centre for Health Economics, University of York, UK s main research interests are in equity in health and health care. He worked alongside Jonathan in the Department of Social Policy and Social Work from SainsburyProfessor, Social Policy Research Unit, University of York, s main research interests are in Social security, employment and welfare.

3 He has been a research colleague of Jonathan for over 25 years and co-edited the series of books arising from a conference to mark the centenary of Seebohm Rowntree s first study of poverty in York (held in 1998).Caroline GlendinningProfessor, Social Policy Research Unit, University of York, s main research interests are in the fields of ageing, disability and care. She is a long-term colleague of Jonathan s and worked with him for some 15 years following the establishment of the Family Fund Research Project in the editors of this book would first of all like to thank Jonathan Bradshaw for his help in the preparation of this book and, in particular, for helping us select the essays and for providing copies of original publications, producing biographical material for the introduction and checking the typesetting decisions made in our first draft sought Jonathan s advice at all stages of the project but all the final editorial decisions were our own and we take full responsibility for any errors or of the material reproduced in this volume was jointly authored or edited.

4 In Jonathan s own words, I hope that colleagues will not feel that in reproducing it here we are implying that it is all my own work. On the contrary, one of the most enjoyable aspects of my academic life has been to work in teams and to write with others. It must be so with big research projects. The joint work remains joint work and many thanks to the co-authors for their collaborations .We are also especially grateful to Anne Burton for her sterling work in completely overhauling our untidy early version of the manuscript and handling numerous sub-editing, proof reading and production issues so carefully and with such patience and good humour; to Clare Brayshaw from York Publishing Services (YPS) for her prompt and accurate typesetting of this complex manuscript including one chapter with no less than 22 figures and 10 tables and her kindness in handling our mountain of time-consuming further correction requests after the first proof stage; to Jessica Stephens and Matthew Herring for their persistence with the copyright clearance work.

5 To to Rachel McAllister, Matthew Peers and Sally Pulleyn in the Social Policy Research Unit for their help with marketing the book, providing ISBN numbers, digging out references, and updating Jonathan s website with his full list of publications and to all of the above for the painstaking care and attention they devoted to this book project. We are also grateful to Duncan Beal, Cathi Poole and Paula Charles at YPS for their excellent publication services and to Liz Ingham for her help in managing the book project would also like to thank the following organisations for supporting this project through financial and in-kind contributions, and the corresponding senior decision makers who authorised those contributions: the Joseph Rowntree Foundation and its Director of Research and Policy , Emma Stone; the Foundation for International Studies of Social Security and its President, Peter Saunders, the University of York Digital Library Digitisation Programme and its Director, Julie Allinson; the University of York Social Policy Research Unit and its Director, Gillian Parker.

6 And the University of York Deputy Vice-Chancellor s Office and its former office holder, Trevor , we would like to thank and acknowledge the publishers of all the publications listed below for their kind permission to reproduce these original publications in a re-typeset format. We have made every effort to obtain all the appropriate authorisations from all the relevant copyright 1: Bradshaw , (1972) The taxonomy of Social need , in McLachlan, G. (ed), Problems and Progress in Medical Care, Oxford University Press: 2: Bradshaw , J. (1979) Legalism and Discretion in Jones, K., Brown, J. and Bradshaw , Issues in Social Policy , Routledge and Kegan Paul: 3: Bradshaw , (1980) The Family Fund: An Initiative in Social Policy , Routledge and Kegan Paul: London. Chapter 4: Bradshaw , and Harris, T. (eds) (1983) Energy and Social Policy , Routledge and Kegan Paul: London. 5: Bradshaw , , Mitchell, D. and Morgan, J.

7 (1987) Evaluating adequacy: the potential of budget standards , Journal of Social Policy , 16, 2, 6: Bradshaw , , Kennedy, S., Kilkey, M., Hutton, S., Corden, A., Eardley, T., Holmes, H. and Neale, J. (1996) Policy and the Employment of Lone Parents in 20 Countries, European Commission- Social Policy Research Unit: York. 7: Bradshaw , J., Stimson, C., Skinner, C. and Williams, J. (1999) Absent fathers?, Routledge: London. Introduction and 8: Bradshaw , J. (2000) Preface , In Rowntree, , Poverty: A Study of Town Life, Centennial ed., The Policy Press: Bristol, pp 9: Bradshaw , J. and Finch, N. (2003) Overlaps in Dimensions of Poverty , Journal of Social Policy , 32, 4, 10: Bradshaw , J. (2004) How has the notion of Social exclusion developed in the European discourse , The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 14, 2 11: Bradshaw , J. (2009) An international perspective on child benefit packages , In Kamerman, S.

8 , Phipps, S. and Ben-Arieh, A. (eds) From Child Welfare to Child Well-being: An international Perspective on Knowledge in the Service of Policy Making, Springer: Dordrecht. pp 12: Bradshaw , J. and Richardson, D. (2009) An index of child well-being in Europe , Journal of Child Indicators Research, 2, 3, 13: Bradshaw , J. and Keung, A. (2011). Trends in child subjective well-being in the UK, Journal of Children s Services, 6, 1, Sainsbury, Richard Cookson and Caroline GlendinningHow this book came aboutThe stimulus for this volume was the retirement of Jonathan Bradshaw in 2011 after 46 years as a student, teacher and researcher in Social Policy at the University of York. Most readers working in academic institutions will recognise the need for those inverted commas. Retirement rarely means people actually packing their bags and leaving their offices to pursue whatever pleasures they had been denying themselves for years.

9 And so it is that retirement for Jonathan means that he continues to teach, research and write but just on a part-time basis and certainly not so well , as colleagues of many years we did want to mark his official retirement with something more enduring and tangible than the traditional wine, nibbles and speeches. Thus the idea of this book was born. But what sort of book? In reflecting on this question we realised that Jonathan s writing on Social Policy , covering nearly five decades, was scattered over a vast number of books, journals and reports which, even in the digital age, were often difficult to access. We therefore decided to collect together the best of his contributions to serve not only as a celebration and recognition of a lifetime s achievement but also, and perhaps more iiimportantly, as an introduction to his wide-ranging scholarship and thinking for future generations of Social Policy students and scholars, that could inform and hopefully inspire readers who know Jonathan will understand that we had a considerable job in persuading him of the value and appropriateness of this book project.

10 He is an exceedingly modest man. But we wore him down and began the task of selecting what would eventually appear in this book. Working within the usual limitations of space we took the approach of identifying the best pieces from across his career and across the many Social Policy topics on which he has written. (And here we should acknowledge the time and effort that he put in to help us make the final selections.) Hence you will find pieces spanning the 40 years from 1972 to 2011 and covering such diverse topics as theories of Social need and discretion, energy poverty, child poverty, lone parents, absent fathers, and children s well-being. We say a bit more about the contents of the book in a moment. First, however, we feel that some explanation of Jonathan s background might not only be interesting but also enhance an understanding of why he has devoted so much of his professional life and energy to the study of Social Policy and to its impact on the world.