4 情報伝送工学 高周波用伝送線路（周波数による分類）

1 4 , 50 60Hz , 20Hz 20kHz TV , 90 MHz 770 MHz , 2 GHz 100 GHz 390 THz 790 THz , 390 THz 1934. MMIC DC 100 GHz 75 75 75 75 75 75 2 + - 180 2 to Zd1100 Zd1100 Z0 =50 Zd264 +- USB 2 2

2 2 2 IC IC +- 2abcfg-10 64 Zd =64 10abc20-20 de1010v0 0 p5 d, e +2V -2V 1-10 v1 d Zd1 0 b c Z0 =50 Zd =64 Zd1 =Zd2 =100 d-e Zd1 +Zd1 =2 Zd1 v1 T v0 /2 d Zd Zd1 Zd2 Zd f Zd2 f v2 /2 v2 g v2 /2 Zd2 f g 21212122vvvv v01 =2V v02 =-2V v1 =2V v2 =-2V Vvout11121 v0 Zd Zd2v01v02Zd1Zd1de 2121vvvout 1v2v21v22vfgbc 0- 0

3 20-20Zd1 tw h r h t w w l 2 tw hwl w=3mm h= t=18 m r = Z 2 eZd USB Universal Serial Bus ADSL 1 1 USB 1 SCSI RS232C 100bps 1 Mbps 12 Mbps 480 Mbps 2 IEEE1394 IEEE1394 USB IEEE1394a 400 MBps,1394b 800 Mbps 1 480 Mbps 240 MHz Dd I A A/m r m rIH 2 H IdH rIrHdHdHdH 202 TEM L0 C0 00 CLZo I[A] 0 =L0 I L0 C0 ( ) L0 C0 r l m 2/2/DdBdrl 2D 2dr HB0 rIH 2 ( ) 2/2/2/2/002/2/0log2122 DdDdeDdrlIdrrlIdrrIl dDlIdDlIdDlIeeeelog222log22log2log2000 L IL ( )

4 DDlIdDlIILeelog21log200 L0 L dDldDllLLeelog21log2000 C0 L0 0000 CLlClLs 0000 LCs lC I lL ( ) dDdDCeseslog2log200000 ( ) L0 C0 seesedDdDdDCLZ 022000000)2(loglog2log2 dDeslog2100 0 0 70104 12000 dDdDeseslog601log21201 ( ) 1 125 m 1 2mm (a) m (b) (a) single mode m multi-mode LED LED 8dB/km (a) 0*202 EkE 0*202 HkH EEE )

5 (2 rz Ex 0*2022 xxEkyE 20 k,fc x,y,z rrrrrraErrEzEErrErrEE 2222222222211 aErrEzEErrErrEr 222222222211zzzzzazEErrErrE 222222211 H Ez Hz z zAyAxAAzyx zAArArrrAzr 11 011*202222222 zzzzzEkzEErrErrE 011*202222222 zzzzzHkzHHrrHrrH 2 Ez Hz exp -j z 0)(112*2022222 zzzzEkErrErrE )0(ar 0)(1122022222 zzzzEkErrErrE )( ra0)(112*2022222 zzzzHkHrrHrrH )0(ar 0)(1122022222 zzzzHkHrrHrrH )( ra r=a 0*0 k0 22z ,2 002 k 0*0kk 02*2021 k 020222 k )cos()cos(222 nnn )sin()sin(222 nnn 0)(1222122 zzzErnrErrE )0(ar 0)(1222222 zzzErnrErrE )( ra0)(1222122 zzzHrnrHrrH )0(ar 0)(1222222 zzzHrnrHrrH )( ra 222n )0(ar )( ra )0(ar )( ra)cos()(11 nrJAEnz)cos()(22 nrKBEnz)sin()(11 nrJCHnz)sin()

6 (22 nrKDHnz arzarzEE 21arzarzHH 21ararEE 21ararHH 21 1 , , 1 2 yxz0d 1 2 30)(2222 xeffroxEnkyE x yxeC)y(E11 )cos()(22 yCyEx 1 2 3)dy(xeC)y(E 33 ( ) ( ) ( ) C1 , C2 , C3 neff 4 4 4 Ex Hz neff yEjHxz 1 Ex y TEn TE y 2121nnkeffo 2222nnkeffo 2323nnkeffo 1 2 3yzeCj)y(H111 )sin()(222 yCjyHz)dy(zeCj)y(H 333 ( ) ( ) ( ) Ex Hz x=d )0()0(21xxEE )0()0(21zzHH )()(32dEdExx )()(33dHdHzz x=0 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ))cos(CeC 022011)cos(21 CC ( ))sin(CjeCj 02220111)sin(2211 CC ( ))dd(eC)dcos(C 3322 322)cos(CdC ( ))dd(eCj)dsin(Cj 333222 33222)sin(CdC ( ) ( ) /( ) )cos()sin(222111 CCCC )cos()sin(21 21)tan()cos()sin( 1211tannn1 2111tann ( ) ( ) /( ) 33322222)cos()sin(CCdCdC 3222)cos()sin( dd 23222)tan()cos()sin( ddd 22231tannd ( )n2 ( ) ( ) 221112231tantannnd dnn212211231tantan n dn2211231tantan ( )0tantan2211231 dn n1 n2 n3 neff 1 3 n n=0 1 3 ( ) 1 3 n=0,1,2, , , , 2121nnkeffo 2222nnkeffo 2323nnkeffo f=10 GHz n=0 n1 =1 n2 =10 n3 =1 f 1 2 3 ()atan 3 neff())

7 2 neff()atan 1 neff() 2 neff()n 2 neff()d 55f 1 2 3 ()111neff246810505 neff