TikZ and pgf - Boston University

1 Tik Z and pgf manual for version \tikzstyle{level 1}=[sibling angle=120]. \tikzstyle{level 2}=[sibling angle=60]. \tikzstyle{level 3}=[sibling angle=30]. \tikzstyle{every node}=[fill]. \tikzstyle{edge from parent}=[snake=expanding waves,segment length=1mm,segment angle=10,draw]. \tikz [grow cyclic,shape=circle,very thick,level distance=13mm,cap=round]. \node {} child [color=\A] foreach \A in {red,green,blue}. { node {} child [color=\A!50!\B] foreach \B in {red,green,blue}. { node {} child [color=\A!50!\B!50!\C] foreach \C in {black,gray,white}. { node {} }. }. };. 1. F . ur meinen Vater, damit er noch viele sch one TEX-Graphiken erschaffen kann. Till Copyright 2007 by Till Tantau Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify the documentation under the terms of the gnu Free Documentation License, Version or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.

2 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu Free Documentation License. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify the code of the package under the terms of the gnu Public License, Version 2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu Public License. Permission is also granted to distribute and/or modify both the documentation and the code under the conditions of the LaTeX project Public License, either version of this license or (at your option) any later version. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled LATEX project Public License. 2. The Tik Z and PGF Packages manual for version Till Tantau . Institut f . ur Theoretische Informatik Universit at zu L.

3 Ubeck June 12, 2007. Contents 1 Introduction 14. Structure of the System .. 14. Comparison with Other Graphics Packages .. 15. Utilities: Page Management .. 15. How to Read This manual .. 16. Authors and Acknowledgements .. 16. Getting Help .. 16. I Tutorials and Guidelines 17. 2 Tutorial: A Picture for Karl's Students 18. Problem Statement .. 18. Setting up the Environment .. 18. Setting up the Environment in LATEX .. 18. Setting up the Environment in Plain TEX .. 19. Setting up the Environment in ConTEXt .. 19. Straight Path Construction .. 20. Curved Path Construction .. 20. Circle Path Construction .. 21. Rectangle Path Construction .. 21. Grid Path Construction .. 22. Adding a Touch of Style .. 22. Drawing Options .. 23. Arc Path Construction .. 23. Clipping a Path .. 24.

4 Parabola and Sine Path Construction .. 25. Filling and Drawing .. 25. Shading .. 26. Specifying Coordinates .. 26. Adding Arrow Tips .. 28. Scoping .. 29. Transformations .. 29. Repeating Things: For-Loops .. 30. Adding Text .. 31. Editor of this documentation. Parts of this documentation have been written by other authors as indicated in these parts or chapters and in Section 3. 3 Tutorial: A Petri-Net for Hagen 35. Problem Statement .. 35. Setting up the Environment .. 35. Setting up the Environment in LATEX .. 35. Setting up the Environment in Plain TEX .. 35. Setting up the Environment in ConTEXt .. 36. Introduction to Nodes .. 36. Placing Nodes Using the At Syntax .. 37. Using Styles .. 37. Node Size .. 38. Naming Nodes .. 38. Placing Nodes Using Relative Placement .. 39.

5 Adding Labels Next to Nodes .. 39. Connecting Nodes .. 40. Adding Labels Next to Lines .. 42. Adding the Snaked Line and Multi-Line Text .. 42. Using Layers: The Background Rectangles .. 43. The Complete Code .. 43. 4 Guidelines on Graphics 46. Planning the Time Needed for the Creation of Graphics .. 46. Workflow for Creating a Graphic .. 47. Linking Graphics With the Main Text .. 47. Consistency Between Graphics and Text .. 48. Labels in Graphics .. 48. Plots and Charts .. 49. Attention and Distraction .. 52. II Installation and Configuration 53. 5 Installation 54. Package and Driver Versions .. 54. Installing Prebundled Packages .. 54. Debian .. 54. MiKTeX .. 55. Installation in a texmf Tree .. 55. Installation that Keeps Everything Together .. 55. Installation that is TDS-Compliant.

6 55. Updating the Installation .. 55. 6 Licenses and Copyright 56. Which License Applies? .. 56. The GNU Public License, Version 2 .. 56. Preamble .. 56. Terms and Conditions For Copying, Distribution and Modification .. 57. No Warranty .. 59. The LATEX project Public License, Version 2006-05-20 .. 59. Preamble .. 59. Definitions .. 59. Conditions on Distribution and Modification .. 60. No Warranty .. 61. Maintenance of The Work .. 62. Whether and How to Distribute Works under This License .. 62. Choosing This License or Another License .. 62. A Recommendation on Modification Without Distribution .. 63. How to Use This License .. 63. Derived Works That Are Not Replacements .. 63. Important Recommendations .. 63. 4. GNU Free Documentation License, Version , November 2002 .. 64.

7 Preamble .. 64. Applicability and definitions .. 64. Verbatim Copying .. 65. Copying in Quantity .. 65. Modifications .. 65. Combining Documents .. 67. Collection of Documents .. 67. Aggregating with independent Works .. 67. Translation .. 67. Termination .. 67. Future Revisions of this License .. 68. Addendum: How to use this License for your documents .. 68. 7 Input and Output Formats 69. Supported Input Formats .. 69. Using the LATEX Format .. 69. Using the Plain TEX Format .. 69. Using the ConTEXt Format .. 69. Supported Output Formats .. 70. Selecting the Backend Driver .. 70. Producing PDF Output .. 70. Producing PostScript Output .. 71. Producing HTML / SVG Output .. 71. Producing Perfectly Portable DVI Output .. 72. III Tik Z ist kein Zeichenprogramm 73. 8 Design Principles 74.

8 Special Syntax For Specifying Points .. 74. Special Syntax For Path Specifications .. 74. Actions on Paths .. 74. Key-Value Syntax for Graphic Parameters .. 75. Special Syntax for Specifying Nodes .. 75. Special Syntax for Specifying Trees .. 75. Grouping of Graphic Parameters .. 76. Coordinate Transformation System .. 76. 9 Hierarchical Structures: Package, Environments, Scopes, and Styles 77. Loading the Package and the Libraries .. 77. Creating a Picture .. 77. Creating a Picture Using an Environment .. 77. Creating a Picture Using a Command .. 79. Adding a Background .. 79. Using Scopes to Structure a Picture .. 79. Using Scopes Inside Paths .. 80. Using Styles to Manage How Pictures Look .. 80. 10 Specifying Coordinates 82. Overview .. 82. Coordinate Systems .. 82. Canvas, XYZ, and Polar Coordinate Systems.

9 82. Barycentric Systems .. 85. Node Coordinate System .. 85. Intersection Coordinate Systems .. 87. Defining New Coordinate Systems .. 88. Relative and Incremental Coordinates .. 89. 5. 11 Syntax for Path Specifications 90. The Move-To Operation .. 91. The Line-To Operation .. 91. Straight Lines .. 91. Horizontal and Vertical Lines .. 91. Snaked Lines .. 92. The Curve-To Operation .. 95. The Cycle Operation .. 96. The Rectangle Operation .. 96. Rounding Corners .. 96. The Circle and Ellipse Operations .. 97. The Arc Operation .. 97. The Grid Operation .. 98. The Parabola Operation .. 99. The Sine and Cosine Operation .. 100. The Plot Operation .. 101. The To Path Operation .. 101. The Scoping Operation .. 103. The Node Operation .. 103. The PGF-Extra Operation .. 103. 12 Actions on Paths 104.

10 Specifying a Color .. 105. Drawing a Path .. 105. Graphic Parameters: Line Width, Line Cap, and Line Join .. 106. Graphic Parameters: Dash Pattern .. 107. Graphic Parameters: Draw Opacity .. 108. Graphic Parameters: Arrow Tips .. 109. Graphic Parameters: Double Lines and Bordered Lines .. 110. Filling a Path .. 110. Graphic Parameters: Fill Pattern .. 111. Graphic Parameters: Interior Rules .. 112. Graphic Parameters: Fill Opacity .. 113. Shading a Path .. 113. Choosing a Shading Type .. 114. Choosing a Shading Color .. 114. Establishing a Bounding Box .. 115. Using a Path For Clipping .. 116. 13 Nodes and Edges 118. Overview .. 118. Nodes and Their Shapes .. 118. Multi-Part Nodes .. 120. Options for the Text in Nodes .. 120. Placing Nodes Using Anchors .. 123. Transformations.