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1 PSIM user ManualPowersim Technologies user ManualPSIM Version 1999 Copyright 1996-1999 Powersim Technologies rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be photocopied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of Powersim Technologies Technologies Inc. ( Powersim ) makes no representation or warranty with respect to the adequacy or accu-racy of this documentation or the software which it describes. In no event will Power sim or its direct or indirect sup-pliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including, but not limited to, direct, indirect, incidental, or consequentialdamages of any character including, without limitation, loss of business profits, data, business information, or anyand all other commercial damages or losses, or for any damages in excess of the list price for the licence to the soft-ware and Technologies Inc.

2 #10 - 7120 Gilbert , V7C 5G7 Tel: (604) 214-1364 Fax: (604) 214-1365email: user Manual iTable of ContentsChapter 1 General Introduction Circuit Structure Software/Hardware Requirement Installing the Program Simulating a Circuit 1-3 Chapter 2 Power Circuit Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor Branches (RLC) Switches and Zener Diodes (DIODE/ZENER) Thyristors (THY) GTO, Transistors, and Bi-Directional Switches Switch Gating Blocks (GATING) Single-Phase Switch Modules Three-Phase Switch Modules Coupled Inductors (MUT2/MUT3) Transformers 2-10 Ideal Transformers (TF_IDEAL) 2- 10 Single-Phase Transformers 2-10 Three-Phase Transformers 2-12 Motor Drive Module 2-14 Machines 2-14 DC Machine (DCM) 2-14 Induction Machine (INDM_3S/INDM_3SN) 2-17 Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM3) 2-20 Mechanical Loads 2-23 Constant-Torque Load (MLOAD_T) 2-23 Constant-Power Load (MLOAD_P) 2-24 ii PSIM user General-Type Load (MLOAD) 2-25 Chapter 3 Control Circuit Transfer Function Blocks (TFCTN) 3-1 Proportional Controllers (P) Integrators (INT/RESETI) 3-2 Differentiators (DIFF) Proportional-Integral Controllers (PI) Built-in Filter Blocks 3-4 Computational Function Blocks Summers (SUM)

3 And Dividers (MULT/DIVD) Square-Root Blocks (SQROT) Exponential/Power Function Blocks (EXP/POWER) Root-Mean-Square Blocks (RMS) Absolute Value Function Blocks (ABS) Trigonometric Functions (SIN/COS/COS_1/TG_1) Fast Fourier Transform Blocks (FFT) Other Function Blocks 3-10 Comparators (COMP) 3-10 Limiters (LIM) Look-up Tables (LKUP/LKUP2D) Sampling/Hold Blocks (SAMP) Round-Off Blocks (ROUNDOFF) Time Delay Blocks (TDELAY) 3-14 Multiplexers (MUX2/MUX4/MUX8) 3-15 Subcircuit Blocks Operational Amplifiers (OP_AMP) THD Blocks (THD) 3-17 Logic Components Gates Set-Reset Flip-Flops (SRFF) J-K Flip-Flops (JKFF) Monostable Multivibrators (MONO/MONOC) Pulse Width Counters (PWCT) 3-21 PSIM user Manual Digital Control Module Zero-Order Hold 3-21 z-Domain Transfer Function Block 3-22 Integrators Differentiators 3-25 Digital Filters Unit Delay Quantization Block Circular Buffer 3-30 Convolution Block 3-30 Memory Read Block 3-31 Data Array 3-32 Multi-Rate Sampling System 3-32 Chapter 4 Other Simulation Control Time Independent Voltage/Current Sources Sources (VDC/IDC/VDC_GND) Sinusoidal Sources (VSIN/VSIN3/ISIN) Square-Wave Sources (VSQU/ISQU) Triangular Sources (VTRI/ITRI)

4 Step Sources (VSTEP/ISTEP) Piecewise Linear Sources (VGNL/IGNL) Random Sources (VRAND/IRAND) Voltage/Current-Controlled Sources Nonlinear Voltage-Controlled Sources Voltage/Current Sensors (VSEN/ISEN) Speed/Torque Sensors (WSEN/TSEN) Probes and Meters Switch Controllers On-Off Switch Controllers (ONCTRL) 4-12 iv PSIM user Controllers (ACTRL) PWM Lookup Table Controllers (PATTCTRL) 4- Control-Power Interface Blocks (CTOP) ABC-DQO Transformation Blocks (ABC2 DQO/DQO2 ABC) External DLL Blocks Simulated Frequency Response Analyzers (SFRA) 4-22 Chapter 5 Circuit Schematic Design Using Creating a Circuit Editing a Circuit Subcircuits Creating Subcircuit - In the Main Circuit Creating Subcircuit - Inside the Subcircuit Other Options Simulation Control Running the Simulation Settings Settings Printing the Circuit Schematic Editing SIMCAD Library Editing an Element a New Element Ground Element 5-8 Chapter 6 Waveform Processing Using File Menu Edit Menu Axis Menu Screen Menu View Menu Option Menu 6-6 PSIM user Manual Label Menu Exporting Data 6-8 Chapter 7 Error/Warning Messages and General Simulation Simulation

5 Issues Time Step Selection Propagation Delays in Logic Circuits Interface Between Power and Control Circuits FFT Analysis Error/Warning Messages Debugging 7-4 Appendix A: Examples A-1 Appendix B: List of Elements B-1 vi PSIM user ManualIntroductionPSIM user Manual 1-1 Chapter 1: General IntroductionThis Manual covers both PSIM* and its add-on Motor Drive Module and Digital ControlModule. Functions and features for these two modules are marked wherever they Motor Drive Module has built-in machine models and mechanical load models fordrive system studies. The Digital Control Module, on the other hand, provides discreteelements such as zero-order hold, z-domain transfer function blocks, quantization blocks,for digital control is a simulation package specifically designed for power electronics and motor con-trol.

6 With fast simulation, friendly user interface and waveform processing, PSIM pro-vides a powerful simulation environment for power converter analysis, control loopdesign, and motor drive system PSIM simulation package consists of three programs: circuit schematic editor SIM-CAD*, PSIM simulator, and waveform processing program SIMVIEW*. The simulationenvironment is illustrated as 1 of this Manual describes the circuit structure, software/hardware requirement,and installation procedure. Chapter 2 through 4 describe the power and control circuitcomponents. The use of SIMCAD and SIMVIEW is discussed in Chapter 5 and 6. Error/warning messages are listed in Chapter 7. Finally, sample examples are provided inAppendix A, and a list of the PSIM elements is given in Appendix Circuit StructureA circuit is represented in PSIM in four blocks: power circuit, control circuit, sensors, andswitch controllers.

7 The figure below shows the relationship between each block. *. PSIM, SIMCAD, and SIMVIEW are copyright by Powersim Technologies Inc., 1996-1999 PSIM SIMCADSIMVIEWC ircuit Schematic Editor (output: *.sch)PSIM Simulator (input: *.cct; output: *.txt)Waveform Processor (input: *.txt)Chapter 1: General Information1-2 PSIM user ManualThe power circuit consists of switching devices, RLC branches, transformers, and otherdiscrete components. The control circuit is represented in block diagram. Components in sdomain and z domain, logic components (such as logic gates and flip flops), and nonlinearcomponents (such as multipliers and dividers) can be used in the control circuit. Sensorsmeasure power circuit voltages and currents and pass the values to the control circuit.

8 Gat-ing signals are then generated from the control circuit and sent back to the power circuitthrough switch controllers to control Software/Hardware RequirementPSIM runs in Microsoft Windows 95 or NT on PC computers. The RAM memory require-ment is 16 MB. Installing the ProgramA quick installation guide is provided in the flier PSIM - Quick Guide .Some of the files in the PSIM directory schematic editor processor component library*.hlpHelp files*.schSample schematic circuit files Power Circuit Control Circuit Sensors Switch ControllersSimulating a CircuitPSIM user Manual 1-3 File extensions used in PSIM Simulating a CircuitTo simulate the sample one-quadrant chopper circuit :- Start SIMCAD.

9 Choose Open from the File menu to load the file .- From the Simulate menu, choose Run PSIM. A netlist file, , will begenerated. PSIM simulator will read the netlist file and start simulation. Thesimulation results will be saved to File . Any warning messagesoccurred in the simulation will be saved to File .- From the Simulate menu, choose Run SIMVIEW to start SIMVIEW, and selectcurves for display. *.schSIMCAD schematic file (binary)*.cctPSIM circuit file (text)*.txtPSIM simulation output file (text)*.smvSIMVIEW waveform file (binary)Chapter 1: General Information1-4 PSIM user ManualResistor-Inductor-Capacitor BranchesPSIM user Manual 2-1 Chapter 2: Power Circuit Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor Branches Both individual resistor, inductor, capacitor branches and lumped RLC branches are pro-vided in PSIM.

10 Inductor currents and capacitor voltages can be set as initial facilitate the setup of three-phase circuits, symmetrical three-phase RLC branches, R3 , RL3 , RC3 , RLC3 , are provided. The initial inductor currents and capacitorvoltages of the three-phase branches are all set to zero. Images:For the three-phase branches, the phase with a dot is Phase :The resistance, inductance, or capacitance of a branch can not be all zero. At least one ofthe parameters has to be a non-zero , in OhmInductanceInductance, in HCapacitanceCapacitance, in FInitial CurrentInitial inductor current, in AInitial Cap. VoltageInitial capacitor voltage, in VCurrent FlagFlag for branch current output. When the flag is zero, there is no current output.