Search results with tag "Lower heating value"
Fuel Value Calculator - Forest Products Laboratory
www.fpl.fs.fed.uscalled the heating value, heat of combustion, or the calorific value. The higher heating value (HHV) of a fuel is the amount of energy available from its complete combustion, including the energy from condensing the water vapor that results from the combustion. The lower heating value (LHV) is the HHV minus the energy from
Energy and the Hydrogen Economy
afdc.energy.govreference volume. Also, it is proper to use the higher heating value HHV (heat of formation) for this energy analysis, because it reflects the true energy content of the fuel based on the energy conservation principle (1st Law of Thermodynamics). By contrast, the lower heating value LLV is a technical standard created in the
Alternative Fuels Data Center Fuel Properties Comparison
afdc.energy.govEthanol content is lower in the winter months in cold climates to ensure a vehicle starts. Based on composition, E85’s lower heating value varies from 83,950 to 95,450 Btu/gal. [6]Lithium-ion battery density of 400 Wh/l from Linden and Reddy, Handbook of Batteries, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002.