0IIII AD-A261 755 I I Ii1111.

1 / AD-A261 7550 IIII I & quot ;& quot ; I ii1111 ..INCH-POUNDMIL-HDBK-844(AS)20 October 1992 MILITARY STANDARDIZATION HANDBOOKAIRCRAFT REFUELING& quot ;HANDBOOKCOM MIN93-04682 E -:SMARO ETASMC NA FSC-9130Q DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I I .. (AS)((This page intentionally left blank). 0 MIL-HDBK-844(AS)Q AIRCRAFT REFUELING HANDBOOKTABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .. 1-11. 1 PU R PO SE .. SC O PE .. C O PIES .. C H A N G ES .. 1-1 CHAPTER 2 ORGANIZATION AND TRAINING .. ORGANIZATION .. G eneral .. Responsibilities and Duties .. Fue! Management Officer (FMO).)

2 Assistant Fuel Management Officer (AFMO) .. Fuel D elivery .. Storage and Transfer.. Quality Surveillance (QS) .. Inventory .. T raining .. T RA IN IN G .. 2-2 CHAPTER 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF AVIATION FUELS .. INT RO D U CT IO N .. TURBINE ENGINE FUELS .. JP-5 (NATO Code F-44) .. JP-4 (NATO Code F-40) .. JP-8 (NATO Code F-34) .. Turbine Fuel Additives .. Fuel System Icing Inhibitor (FSII) .. Icing Protection .. B iostat .. FSII M aterials .. Lubricity Additive .. Antioxidant Additives .. Static Dissipator Additive (SDA) (JP-4/JP-8) .. AVIATION GASOLINE .. 3-4 CHAPTER 4 CONTAMINATION OF AIRCRAFT FUELS.

3 G EN ERA L .. TYPES AND SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION .. PARTICULATE MATTER .. W AT ER .. CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION .. M ICROORGANISMS .. COMMON SOURCES OF CONTAM-INATION .. PROCEDURES FOR PREVENTING CONTAMINATION .. DETERIORATION OF AIRCRAFT FUELS .. SAMPLING OF AVIATION FUELS .. 4-50 -- ,_MIL-HDBK-844(AS)CHAPTER 5 FLEET QUALITY SURVEILLANCE TESTS .. 5-15 .1 .. PARTICULATE CONTAMINATION .. CFD Test Technique .. CFD Operating Procedure .. Alternate M ethods .. 5-2/J& quot ; WATER CONTAMINATION .. FW D Test Technique .. FW D Operating Procedure .. Alternate M ethod .. FUEL SYSTEM ICING INHIBITOR (FSII) CONTENT.

4 B/2 Test Technique .. B/2 Operating Procedures .. CONDUCTIVITY .. 5-4 CHAPTER 6 SAFETY IN FUEL HANDLING OPERATIONS .. INTRODUCTION .. ABNORMAL FUEL OPFRATIONS .. FIRE AND EXPLOSION .. FLAMMABLE FUEL-AIR MIXTURES .. LOW VAPOR PRESSURE PRODUCTS .. INTERMEDIATE VAPOR PRESSURE PRODUCTS .. HIGH VAPOR PRESSURE PRODUCTS .. FLAME SPREAD RATES .. SOURCES OF IGNITION .. STATIC ELECTRICITY .. INTERNAL .. 1. Charge Generation .. Charge Accumulation .. STATIC DISCHARGE OR IGNITION .. CONTROl.. EXTERNAL STATIC .. Charge Generation .. Charge Accumukation and Dissipation.

5 Control Measures for External Static .. OPERATING ENGINES .. ARCING OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS .. OPEN FLAM ES .. ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY .. HOT SURFACES OR ENVIRON-MENT .. EXTINGUISHM ENT .. Fire Chem istry .. 6 Classitication of .. Class A Fires .. Class B Fires .. Class C Fires .. Class D Fires .. Fire Extinguisher Types, Agents, and Methods of Application .. H alon 1211 .. D .. Application .. 6-9iiMIL-HDBK-844(AS)0 Carbon Dioxide (CO)) .. Definition.. ,2 Application .. Purple-K-Powder (PKP) .. Application .. HEALTH TOXIC VAPOR EFFECT .. LEAD POISONING.

6 INJURY TO SKIN AND EYES .. SWALLOWING AVIATION FUELS .. FUEL TANK AND FILTERISEPAR-ATOR WATER BOTTOMS .. SPECIFIC PROCEDURES FOR AVOIDING THE HEALTH HAZARDS OFAIRCRAFT FUELS .. 6-13 APPENDIX A VISUAL CONTAMINATION TABLE .. A-IAPPENDIX B PETROLEUM TESTING LABORATORIES .. B-IAPPENDIX C AIRCRAFT INFORMATION SUMMARIES .. C-IA -6 ..C -2A V -8B..C -7E -2/C -2 ..C -12F -14 ..C -16F-18 ..C -20S -3 ..C -25P -3 ..C -29H -I ..C -33H -2 ..C -37H -3 ..C -4 1H -46 ..C -45H -53 ..C -49SH -60 ..C -54 APPENDIX D GLOSSARY .. D-1 Aesession ForITIS GRA&IDTIC TAB QUna oxnced 0 Just fflc/tl/oByAv& il and/or& quot ;MIL-HDBK-844(AS)(This page intentionally left blank).

7 IvMIL-HDBK-844(AS)0 CHAPTER PURPOSE. This handbook provides basic Standardization Documents Order Deskinformation on the properties and characteristics of Bldg 4 Daviation fuels along with general information on the 700 Robbins Avenuestandards, equipment, and operating principals related Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094to the handling of these fuels at Navy and MarineCorps activities, it is designed to supplement the CHANGES. The information containedNATOPS AIRCRAFT REFUELING MANUAL, herein has been derived from a number of diverseNATOPS 00-80T-109, by providing background sources including: the fueling experience of theinformation and guidance on the requirements and Navy, Marine Corps, and commercial companies; theprocedures contained in the NATOPS Manual.

8 Recommended practices of the American PetroleumInstitute and the American Society for Testing SCOPE. The contents of this handbook are Materials; and the published findings of researchlimited to technical and operational information of a nature. Specific operating procedures andequipment requirements are contained in the Operating activities are encouraged to submitNATOPS AIRCRAFT REFUELING MANUAL, corrections, recommended changes, or innovationsNATOPS 00-80T-109. Accounting and stock control for this handbook by letter to:procedures are not included in this handbook or theNATOPS Manual. CommanderNaval Air Systems COPIES.

9 Copies of this Military AIR-5363 CHandbook are from: Washington, 20361-5360 MIL-HDBK-844(AS)0(This page intentionally left blank).1-2 MIL-HDBK-844(AS)CHAPTER 2 ORGANIZATION AND ORGANIZATION instruction in accordance with the NATOPS AircraftRefueling Manual and other applicable General. The allowances for a Fuel e. Prepares an oil spill prevention and counter-Division should include personnel in adequate measure and with sufficient grade structure, f. Prepares environmental impact statement fortraining, and seniority to ensure responsible operation the Coast Guard on any procedural change andof facilities and equipment in response to any modification to plant demand.

10 G. Plans and initiates military construction,repair, and improvement fuel organization should be flexible enough to h. Performs liaison with fuel service customers,efficiently handle increased workload on short notice. activity departments, other governmental agencies,This can best be accomplished by cross training and community official and commercial manning. Leave schedules and school i. Represents fuel interests on boards andattendance can be adjusted to accommodate workload Scheduled leave can be deferred if unexpectedpeaks are encountered. Lengthening working shifts Management Officerand non-standard duty section, including stand-by (AFMO).