1 表面・界面の物理化学（教科書第二章）

1 1 (Surface tension) (Interfacial tension) CD ( ) AA.

2 Z Zs Zb>Zs E -E a0 22bbAAssAAZEZE 002esbsbAAEEEZZAaa [mNm-1]= mJm-2] cm F Maxwell AB CD FAB a 2FL 222 WFa aLWaLSaL T,V P A dFSdT PdVdAdGSdT VdP dA ,,TVTPdFdAdG dAFAGA spUTT 20 C U= ( )= T=0K =U ( )Wilhelmy F F4FR 02()FLL 2()lvegdH H v *1 ( )22cosrh gr r <90 >90 14570 149105-108 1405 135-1400-4 h2r = = ( )pinpout r dr 2224() 488dAr drrrdrdrrdr 8dwr dr 8Fr 248outrpr 22484outinrprrp 2inoutppr ( )

3 R1,r2 P r>0 r<0 1211 Prr ( ) S-G V) S-L) (a) (b) (c) (a) ()aSL SVLVG spSLLVSVG pSLSVG iSLSVG SL SL SL SL SV LV LV SV SV SV LV SLV Young SL SV LV cos(1 c o s )cosSVSLLVaLViLVGG 90 0 =0 0< <90 90 =180 ( )VSL 1/2 / rhtanBhr tanBhr ( ) L cos L (Zisman cos =1 L 40-CCl2-CH2-31-CH2-CH2 20-24-CH36-CF341-46 6633-43 31 18 c/mNm-1 Owens-Wendt AB L S Young dhiii 1/ 21/ 22()2()ddhhABABA BA B 1/ 21/ 2cos2()2()ddhhLLSLSL 1/ 21/ 2(1 c o s )2 ()2 ()ddhhLSLSL 1/ 2()ddAB 1/ 2()ddAB A B AB Fowkes 1/ 21/ 22()2()ddhhABABA BA B 1/ 2()hhAB 1/ 2()

4 HhAB A BOwens d h c 14 42 33 66 42 46 (PVDC) PVDC Wenzel cos =rcos r= >90 < <90 > SV SL LV()coscosfSVSVfSLSLSVSLfLVrrrr Lotus Effect 12 Cassie-Baxter 1 2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q212cos 'cosQQ 112 2cos 'coscosQQ 03060901201501800 306090120150180r= app/deg smooth/degCassie eq. Stenocarasp. Fog harvesting m**OCF2CF3On7CH2 CCOOCH2CH2C8F17 HnPFAC8 PFAC8 adv rec = adv- rec CH2 CCOOCH2CH2 OHCH3( )n (PHEMA) ( ) n(x) 0110()()nnxdx nxndx 0 UUUUVVVV i iiUTSPV An ( Gibbs-Duhem U dU iidUTdSPdVdAdn (/)(/)iidsdTVAdp nAd (/))

5 IiiidnAd d 0lniiiRTC lniidRTdC ( P771 Cs) (Cw) (lnln)sswwdRTdC dC 1lnssssCddRTd CRTdC NaCl ) CVD 1 1. 2. 3. 3,18mm 4. 2 10cm 2 m . 5.

6 C 6. 91 35 Owens 7. 8. (SDS) C 20 C 2mmol dm-3 1. SDS 10-3mol dm-3 0 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 mNm-1