雞排泄物量及其成分含量之研究（1）

1 291 1 (2) (3) (4) (2)(5) 9 7 9 2 9 8 3 2 7 16 20 40 12 30 16 3 7 6 7 BOD COD 81 g 70 g 95 g 52 g 74 g 81 g X Y Y + r Y r Y + r 2 5 0 ppm ppm ppm 0 ppm BOD 96,486 149,671 mg/L COD 627,640 1,007,733 mg/L 1990 42(4)

2 291 298 , 2009 1 1509 2 3 4 5 292 I. 16 13 20 40 12 28 C 65%-75% 3 7 1999 34 1 BOD COD AOAC, 1990 1. Table 1. Diet compositions and calculated valuesRed-feather native chickenLaying henLRI native chickenIngredients, % Soybean Fish Wheat Alfalfa meal Soybean oil Calcium Oyster meal Vitamin-mineral premix Choline chloride, 50% Calculated values Crude protein, % ME, kcal/kg264827503018 Calcium, % Non-phytate phosphorus, % per kilogram of diet: Vitamin A, 20,000 IU; Vitamin D3 4,000 IU; Vitamin E, 40 mg; Vitamin K3, 6 mg; Vitamin B1, 4 mg; Vitamin B2, 10 mg; Vitamin B6, 6 mg; Vitamin B12, 60 g; Folic acid, 4 mg; Calcium pantothenate, 20 mg; Niacin, 60 mg; Biotin, mg; Iron, 80 mg; copper, 15 mg; Manganese, 80 mg; Cobalt, mg; Zinc, 50 mg; Iodine, mg; Selenium mg.

3 293II. ( ) 30 8 ( ) 32 34 1 ( ) ~ 50 g 400 g BOD COD ( ) BOD COD III. X Y SAS Enterprise Guide 4 2 12% 13% 88 11 5 35 ppm 140 ppm NRC 1994 8 40 ppm 80 44 ppm 100 35 ppm 120 29 ppm ppm ppm NRC 1994 10 ppm 50 ppm ppm 2. Table 2. Analyzed values of experimental feed for chickensRed-feather native chickenLaying henLRI native chickenMoisture (%) matter (%) nitrogen (%) phosphorus (%)

4 , , , , , % , , , , 294 3 g g g g g g X Y Y + r Y r Y + r 2005 kg 130 g/day 78 % 4 2 5 ppm 2420 ppm 4 110 mg/kg 600 mg/kg 2008 ppm 347

5 644 ppm 50% 3. Table 3. Feed intake, excreta and nitrogen content of LRI native chicken, Leghorn hen and red feather native chickenLRI native chicken(male)LRI native chicken (female)Leghorn henRed feather native chicken (male)Red feather native chicken (female)Feed intake, excreta, matter, % , % nitrogen, % 295 2000 P < 10 50 ppm 24 133 ppm 100 ppm 555 ppm 2000 X Y Y= + , r = X Y Y= , r = NRC 1994 22 ppm 40 ppm 12 ppm 109 ppm 3 18 ppm ppm 2.

6 420 ppm 2003 2000 ppm ppm ppm 0 ppm BOD COD BOD/COD 5 BOD COD BOD COD BOD COD 4. Table 4. Excreta mineral content of LRI native chicken, Leghorn hen and red feather native chickenLRI native chicken(male)LRI native chicken(female)Leghorn henRed feather native chicken(male)Red feather native chicken(female)Total phosphorus (%) , , ppm347499409604644 Iron, ppm2052042012420329 Manganese, ppm338464310374400 Potassium, % , , , , 296 mg/L BOD/COD BOD/COD BOD/COD 1985 BOD 107,647 4,546 40,000 mg/L COD 209,152 17,824 83,000 mg/L BOD COD BOD 96,486 149,671 mg/L BOD COD 627,640 1,007,733 mg/L COD BOD/COD BOD COD 1985 4 (3-4): 81-91 2005 pp.

7 395-397 1999 pp. 1-7 76 5. (BOD) (COD) Table 5. Excreta biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) content of LRI native chicken, Leghorn hen and red feather native chickenLRI native chicken (male)LRI native chicken (female)Leghorn henRed feather native chicken (male)Red feather native chicken (female)BOD mg/L136,397149,671134,92298,99796,486 COD mg/L647,553731,413627,6401,007,733923,76 1 297 1998 6: 62-64 2000 29 (2): 117-124 2001 pp. 657-680 2008 1992 7: 71-77 Lin, Y. F. and A. L. Hsu. 2000. Effects of copper and zinc supplementation on growth performance, tissue accumulation and residues in excreta of broiler chicken. J. Chin. Soc. Anim. Sci. 29 (2): 117-124. 298 Research on the amount and contents of chicken excreta (1)Yih-Fwu Lin(2) Bor-Ling Shih(3) Mao-Chuan Lin(4) and Hsiao-Lung Liu(2)(5)Received : Sep.

8 2, 2008 ; Accepted : Mar. 27, 2009 AbstractThe research was conducted to investigate the ef fects of chicken fed with practical diets on the excreta amount and its contents. Twenty 16-week-old Livestock Research Institute (LRI) native chickens, 12 40-week-old Leghorn hens and 16 30-week-old red-feather native chicken were used as experimental animals. The birds were fed with practical diets and accommodated for 3 to 7 days before starting experiment in the metabolic cages. Daily feed intake and excreta were recorded for 6 to 7 consecutive days. The excreta were weighed, dried for calculated for dry matter content. The feeds and excreta were analyzed for the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, copper, zinc, iron, manganese, potassium, lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results indicated that average daily feed intake of LRI native chicken, Leghorn hen and red-feathered native chicken were about 81 g, 70 g and 95 g, respectively.

9 Average daily excreta amount of LRI native chicken, Leghorn hen and red-feather native chicken were about 52 g, 74 g and 81 g, respectively. Phosphorus content of excreta was between and The regression equation relating feed intake (X) and excreta (Y) was analyzed. The regression equations were as follows: LRI native chicken, Y + , r ; Leghorn hen, Y , r ; an d red -feather ed native ch icken , Y + , r The co ntent of co pper , zinc, ir on an d manganese in excreta were 2 to 5 times more than those in the feed. Excreta copper and zinc content were under the maximum limit amount of the compost regulation of Taiwan. Lead content of excreta was between 0 and ppm. Cadmium was between and ppm. Chromium was between and ppm. Mercury was between 0 and ppm. Excreta nitrogen content was highest in LRI native chicken at , followed by red-feathered native chicken at and Leghorn hen at Excreta BOD was between 96,486 and 149,671 mg/L; COD was between 627,640 and 1,007,733 mg/L.

10 The results can be used for the reference of feeding management and pollution control of related units and the industry. Key words : Native chicken, Leghorn hen, Excreta, Pollution. Taiwan Livestock Res. 42(4) 291 298 , 2009 1 Contribution from Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture. 2 Animal Industry Division, COA-LRI, Tainan, Taiwan, 3 Animal Nutrition Division, COA-LRI, Tainan, Taiwan, 4 Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, COA-LRI, Pingtung, Taiwan, 5 Corresponding author.