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1. Markov chains - Yale University
to specify what Markov chain we wish to simulate. Let’s do an example: suppose the state space is S = {1,2,3}, ... The Markov property implies a simple expression for the probability of our Markov chain taking any specified path, as follows: P{X0 = i0,X1 = i1,X2 = i2, ...
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Chapter 1 Markov Chains - Yale University
www.stat.yale.eduChapter 1 Markov Chains ... chains are fundamental stochastic processes that have many diverse applica- ... what is the probability of reaching a certain state, ...
Single-Stock Circuit Breakers - Yale University
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www.stat.yale.eduUnderstanding Musical Sound 1.1 Sound, the human ear, and the sinusoidal wave 1.1.1 Sound waves and musical notation Music is organized sound, and it is from this standpoint that we begin our study. In the world of Western music, notation has been developed to describe music in a very precise way. Consider, for instance, the following lines of ...
Chapter 7 Continuous Distributions - Yale University
www.stat.yale.edu7. Continuous Distributions 5 Example <7.5> Zero probability for ties with continuous distributions. Calculations are also greatly simpli ed by the fact that we can ignore contributions from higher order terms when working with continuous distri-butions and small intervals. Example <7.6> The distribution of the order statistics from the uniform
Chapter 12 Conditional densities
www.stat.yale.eduConditional densities 12.1Overview Density functions determine continuous distributions. If a continuous distri-bution is calculated conditionally on some information, then the density is called a conditional density. When the conditioning information involves another random variable with a continuous distribution, the conditional den-
Chapter 9 Poisson processes - Yale University
www.stat.yale.eduA Poisson process with rate‚on[0;1/is a random mechanism that gener- ates “points” strung out along [0 ; 1 / in such a way that (i) the number of points landing in any subinterval of lengtht is a random variable with
Chapter 10 Joint densities - Yale University
www.stat.yale.eduand Y have continuous distributions, it becomes more important to have a systematic way to describe how one might calculate probabilities of the form Pf.X;Y/2Bgfor various sub- ... blobs, small shapes that don’t have any particular name—whatever suits the needs of a par-ticular calculation. <10.2> Example.
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