19980611 098 - Defense Technical Information Center

1 , February 1991(See and )MILITARY HANDBOOKELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE CONTROL HANDBOOK FORPROTECTION OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC PARTS,ASSEMBLIES AND EQUIPMENT (EXCLUDING ELECTRICALLYINITIATED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES) (METRIC)AMSC N/A / AREA RELIDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is 19980611 098 MIL-HDBK-263 BFOREWORD1. This military handbook is approved for use by all Departments andAgencies of the Department of Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and anypertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should beaddressed to.

2 Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command, SEA 91Q22, 2531 JeffersonDavis Highway, Arlington, Virginia 22242-5160, by using the self-addressedStandardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at theend of this document or by This handbook provides guidance, not mandatory requirements, for theestablishment and implementation of an Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) ControlProgram in accordance with the requirements of MIL-STD-1686. This document isapplicable to the protection of electrical and electronic parts, assembliesand equipment from damage due to ESD. It does not provide Information for theprotection of electrically initiated explosive Various segments of industry are aware of the damage static electricitycan impose on metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) parts.

3 The sensitivity of otherparts to electrostatic discharge damage has also become evident through use,testing, and failure analysis. Trends in technology utilizing new materials,processes and design techniques, including increased packaging densitiesresult in some parts being more susceptible to Electrical and electronic parts which have been determined to be ESDsensitive (ESDS) include: microelectronic discrete and integratedsemiconductor devices; thick and thin film resistors, chips and hybriddevices; and piezoelectric crystals. Subassemblies, assemblies and equipmentcontaining these parts are also Materials which are prime generators of electrostatic voltages include,but are not limited to, common plastics such as polyethylene, vinyls, foam,polyurethane, synthetic textiles, fiberglass, glass, rubber, and othercommonly used materials.

4 Damaging electrostatic voltage levels are commonlygenerated by contact and subsequent separation of these materials byindustrial processes and personnel Intense pressure has existed, and continues to exist, for a "cook book"approach to ESD control program implementation. Simplistic approaches to acomplex Technical subject such as electrostatic discharge control programdesign and implementation are neither desirable, cost effective nor single "cook book" ESD control program cannot be mandated or prepared whichis applicable for all situations. An "idealized" ESD control program mayrepresent overkill for most applications.

5 In contrast, a less rigorousiiMIL-HDBK-263 Bprogram may not offer sufficient or adequate protection in all , an ESD control program must be custom-tailored to meet the specificrequirements of the preparer for their specific product in its uniquemanufacturing facility and expected environments. The ESD control programplan (data item description (DID) DI-RELI-80669A) is developed to establishefficient and cost effective ESD controls and procedures. The ESD controlprogram plan provides the opportunity to tailor the Technical approach forimplementation of ESD controls in a meaningful and cost effective The protection of ESDS parts, subassemblies, assemblies and equipmentwill be provided through the implementation of cost effective ESD lack of implementation of ESD controls and procedures throughout theequipment life-time has resulted in increased repair costs, equipmentdowntime, and reduced mission ~iiiMIL-HDBK-263 BCONTENTSP agieParagraph 1.

6 SCOPE .. Scope.. Application of MIL-STD-1686 application considerations.. Tailoring of MIL-STD-1686 .. Contractual review .. Deliverable data requirements .. Tailoring flow chart .. 42. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS .. Government documents .. Specifications, standards, handbooks, andbulletins .. Non-Government .. Order of precedence .. 93. DEFINITIONS .. Definitions. Accelerated life testing.. Antistatic property .. Assembly .. Avalanche breakdown .. Bulk breakdown .. Catastrophic failure .. Charge .. Charged device model .. Classification of ESDS parts, assemblies andequipment.

7 ** Classification testing .. Conductive material .. Corona discharge .. Decay time .. Device .. Dielectric breakdown .. Dissipative material .. Earth ground .. Electric field ..' '.. Electrical and electronic part .. Electrostatic charge .. Electrostatic discharge (ESD).. Electrostatic discharge sensitive (ESDS) .. Electrostatic field .. 12ivMIL-HDBK-263 BCONTENTS -ContinuedPageParagraph Electrostatic shield .. Electrostatics .. Equipment .. ESD protected area .. ESD protective handling .. ESD protective material .. ESD protective packaging.

8 ESD sensitivity (ESDS) classification .. Field induced model .. Ground .. Handled or handling .. Hard ground .. Human body model .. Induction .. Input protection .. Insulative material .. LRU .. Part .. Protected area.. Protective handling .. Protective packaging .. Protective storage .. Resistivity .. Soft ground .. SRU.. Static shielding materials .. Subassembly .. Tailoring .. Technical data .. Technical data package (TDP) .. Triboelectric effect .. 144. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF MIL-STD-1686 .. General .. 145. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS OF MIL-STD-1686.

9 ESD control program plan .. Classification of ESDS parts, assemblies andequipment.. Part classification.. Assembly and equipment classification .. Design protection .. Protection of parts and assemblies .. 160 vMIL-HDBK-263 BCONTENTS -ContinuedPageParagraph Protection of equipment .. Protected areas .. Related design factors.. Handling procedures .. Protective covering .. Training .. Marking of hardware .. ESDS assemblies .. Equipment .. External equipment terminals .. Documentation .. Packaging .. Quality assurance requirements .. Formal reviews and audits.

10 Failure analysis .. 206. NOTES .. Intended use .. Issue of DODISS.. Subject term (key word) listing.. Changes from previous issue .. 20 FIGURESF igure I. MIL-STD-1686 Tailoring .. 5/6/72. Failure categories based on completed failureanalysis .. 453. Equivalent circuit -bipolar devices.. 544. Equivalent circuit -MOS devices ..555. Charge induced on device .. 566. Gate protection networks ..*707. ESD protective work bench .. 778. ESD protected area caution sign .. 789. ESD protected area certification/reinspection label 78 TABLEST able I. Cross-reference table .. 1/2II.