5G NR based C-V2X - Mobile Technology | Qualcomm

1 5G NR based C-V2X25G NR based C-V2X for autonomous driving Rel-14 C-V2X for automotive safety is gaining momentum and broad ecosystem support5G NR provides a unified connectivity fabric to expand into new industriesC-V2X has a clear and forward compatible evolution path to 5G NR 5G NR C-V2X provides lower latency, ultra-reliable communication and high data rate for autonomous driving 3 Rel-14 C-V2 XGaining momentum for automotive safety44 Enhanced range and reliability for direct communication without network , safety alerts to pedestrians, , collision avoidance safety , real-time traffic/routing, cloud , traffic signal timing/priorityRelease 14 C-V2 Xcompleted in 2017 Broad industry support 5 GAAG lobal trials started in 2017 Our 1st announced C-V2 Xproduct in September, 2017C-V2 XEstablishes the foundation for safety use cases and a continued 5G NR C-V2X evolution for future autonomous vehicles5C-V2X enables network independent communication1. RSU stands for roadside unitNetwork Uu accident 2 kilometer aheadNetwork communicationsfor complementary servicesVehicle to Network (V2N) operates in a Mobile operator's licensed spectrumV2N (Uu)V2N (Uu)eNodeBDirect PC5 location, speed, local hazardsDirect safety communication independent of cellular networkLow latency Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I), and Vehicle to Person (V2P) operating in ITS bands ( GHz)V2V(PC5)V2P(PC5)V2P(PC5)V2I(PC5)V2I( PC5)RSU16C-V2X complements other ADAS1sensor technologiesProvides 360 NLOS2sensing for higher levels of predictability and autonomy1 Advanced Driver Assistance Systems.

2 2 Non-line of SightADASB rain of the car to help automate the driving process by using:Sensor fusion | Machine learningRadarUltrasonic CameraLidarC-V2X3D HD mapsPrecise positioning 7 Synergistic withcellular modemSelf managed for reduced cost and complexity Reuse of SAE/ETSI upper layers Leverage of cellular ecosystemC-V2X offers key advantagesin multiple dimensionsEnhanced range and reliability for direct communication without network assistanceEnhanced rangeand reliabilityUp to 500km/h relative speed supportMore cost efficient than other technologies Forward compatible evolution path to 5G 5 GNR8 Driving C-V2X towards commercializationQualcomm Technologies, Inc. s (QTI) first-announced C-V2X solution supportsC-V2X Direct Communications (V2V, V2I and V2P) based on 3 GPP Release-14 The Qualcomm 9150 C-V2X chipset with integrated GNSS will be featured as a partof the Qualcomm C-V2X Reference Designto deliver a complete solution for trials and commercial development 9150C-V2 XQualcomm 9150 C-V2X chipset and Qualcomm C-V2X Reference Design are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

3 And/or its subsidiaries. Qualcomm 9150 C-V2 XChipset9 Global trialsConVeX trial in GermanyQualcomm, Audi, Ericsson, SWARCO, U. of KaiserslauternTowards 5G trial in FranceQualcomm, PSA Group, Orange, EricssonFord trials in USQualcomm, AT&T, Ford, Nokia and McCain with SANDAG, Caltrans and the City of Chula VistaNissan trials in JapanQualcomm, Continental, Ericsson, Nissan, NTT DOCOMO, INC., OKI C-V2X specifications completed in 2017C-V2X is gaining momentum Trials started in 2017 using the Qualcomm 9150 C-V2X solution More trials to follow in 201810C-V2X gaining support from automotive and telecom leaders5 GAA is a cross-industry consortia to help define C-V2X and its evolution to 5 GEnd-to-end solutions for intelligent transportation mobility systems and smart citiesTelecommunicationsConnectivity and networking systems, devices, and technologiesAutomotive industryVehicle platform, hardware, and software solutionsSource: ; accurate as of January, 2018 AirgainAlpineElectronicsAnalogDevicesAnr itsuEMEALtdAT&TAudiBAICB eijingUniversityBellMobilityBMWB oschCATTC etecomChinaTransinfoChinaUnicomCMCCC ontinentalDaimlerDanlawDEKRAD ensoDeutscheTelekomEricssonFEVF icosaFordFraunhoferGemaltoHirschmanCarHi tachiAutomotiveUSHondaHuaweiInfineonInte lInterdigitalJaguarLandRoverJuniperKDDIK eysightKTLairdTechLGMurataNissanNokiaNTT DoCoMoOKIO rangeP3 GroupPanasonicProximusPSAQ ualcommRohde&SchwarzRohmSAICS amsungSavariSIACSKT elecomSkyworksSoftbankSumitomoTelefonica TelekomAustriaTelstraT VValeoVeniamVerizonViaviVodafoneVolkswag en(VW)

4 ZFZTE115G NRA unified connectivity fabric to expand into new industries12 High-speed mobilityRich user-generatedcontentAugmentedrealityMob ilizing mediaand entertainmentCongested environmentsConnected cloudcomputingConnectedvehicleImmersive experiences Fiber-like data speeds Low latency for real-time interactivity More consistent performance Massive capacity for unlimited data5G is essential for next generation Mobile experiences13135 Gwill expand the Mobile ecosystem tonew industries5 GMore efficient useof energy and utilitiesDigitized logisticsand retailImproved publicsafety and securitySustainable citiesand infrastructureSmarter agriculture Reliable accessto remote healthcare Safer, more autonomous transportationMore autonomous manufacturing>$12 TrillionPowering the digital economyIn goods and services by 2035**The 5G Economy, an independent study from IHS Markit, Penn Schoen Berland and Berkeley Research Group, commissioned by Qualcomm14 Accelerating 5G NR to meet the ever-increasing global demand for Mobile broadband201820172020201920222021 Release 17+ evolutionRel-16 work itemsRel-15 work itemsPhase 2 Commercial launchesPhase 1 Commercial launchesNRField TrialsIoDTsStandalone (SA)

5 Accelerate eMBB deployments, plus establish foundation forfuture 5G innovationsDeliver new fundamental 5G NR technologies that expand and evolve the 5G ecosystemContinue to evolve LTE in parallel as essential part of the 5G PlatformNSAA pproved study items, including 5G NR C-V2 XWe are here1515 Designing a unified, more capable 5G air interfaceA unifying connectivity fabric for future innovationA platform for existing, emerging, and unforeseen connected services Diverse services Scalability to address an extreme variation of requirements Diverse deployments From macro to indoor hotspots,with support for diverse topologiesDiverse spectrum Getting the most out of a widearray of spectrum bands/types5 GMission-critical servicesEnhanced Mobile broadbandMassive Internet of ThingsLow bandsbelow 1 GHzMid bands1 GHz to 6 GHz High bandsabove 24 GHz (mmWave)NR16163 GPP Rel-15 establishes a solid foundation for 5G NR1. Multi-Edge Low-Density Parity-Check and CRC-Aided PolarEfficiently address diverse spectrum, deployments and servicesScalable OFDM- based air interfaceScalable OFDM numerology Flexible slot- based frameworkSelf-contained slot structureAdvanced channel codingMassive MIMOM obile mmWaveME-LDPCand CA-Polar1 Reciprocity- based MU-MIMOKey enabler to low latency, URLLC and forward compatibility Efficiently support large data blocks and a reliable control channelEfficiently utilize a large number of antennas to increase coverage/capacity Enables wide mmWave bandwidths for extreme capacity and throughputBeamformingand beam-trackingFor enhanced Mobile broadband and beyondOur Technology inventions are driving Rel-15 specificationsEarly R&D investments | Best-in-class prototypes | Fundamental contributions to 3 GPPL earn more at.

6 NR C-V2 XBrings new capabilities toC-V2X for autonomous driving 185G NR C-V2X Communication augments autonomous driving Real-time local updatesReal-time sharing of local data with infrastructure and other vehicles ( 3D HD maps) Path planning Intention and trajectory sharing for faster, yet safe maneuvers PerceptionSharing of high throughput sensordata and real world modelCoordinated drivingExchanging intention and sensor data for more predictable, coordinated autonomous driving 1919 High throughput sensor sharing Real-time local updates High throughput and reliability to enable the exchange of rawor processed data gatheredHigh throughput to build local, dynamic maps based on camera and sensor data; and distribute them at street intersectionsIntent/Trajectory sharing High throughput, low latency and ultra-reliable communication to enable planned trajectory sharingAdvanced use cases for autonomous drivingCoordinated driving High throughput, low latency and ultra-reliable communication to exchange path planning information in timely fashion 2020 Advanced use cases for autonomous drivingEach individual vehicle can transmit significant amounts of data reliably and in timely fashionUltra-reliableLow latency(a few milliseconds)At high speeds(up to 500km/h relative speeds)2121 More reliableLower latency(a few milliseconds)

7 At high speeds(up to 500km/h relative speedsAdvanced use cases for autonomous driving This will lead to huge amount of data to be shared between many vehicles, as well as, vehicles and infrastructure, especially for high vehicle density deployments 2222NR Design Scalable OFDM- based air interfaceSelf-containedslot structure5G C-V2X is expected to efficiently addresses diverse spectrum bands for different use cases Leveraging wideband carrier support and OFDMA to deliver higher data ratesSmaller slot structure with immediate feedback to enable ultra reliable low latency communicationsAdvanced channel coding State of the art LDPC/polar coding to deliver higher reliability with low complexityWidebandcarrier support Larger number of antenna Wideband carrier based higher data rates and system capacityEfficiently utilize larger number of antennas than Rel-14 to deliver higher data rate and long range5G NR C-V2X capabilities for autonomous driving CtrlUL DATACtrlDL DATACtrlCtrlLeveraging 5G NR capabilities for C-V2X Direct Communications Providing high throughput.)

8 Low latency and ultra-reliable communication for autonomous driving 23 Evolving C-V2 XDirect Communications towards 5G NRWhile maintaining backward capabilities Basic safetyIEEE and enhanced safety C-V2X Rel-14/Rel-15 with enhanced range and reliabilityAutonomous driving use cases5G NR C-V2X Rel-16 Higher throughputHigher reliabilityWideband carrier supportLower latencyBackward compatible with Rel-14/Rel-15 enabled vehiclesEvolution to 5G NR, while being backward compatible C-V2X Rel-14 is necessary and operates with Rel-1624C-V2X R14 / R16 Evolving C-V2X Direct Communications towards 5G NR5G NR C-V2X brings about complementary capabilities for autonomous drivingC-V2X R14 / R16C-V2X R14 only car5G NR C-V2X will be backwards compatible with C-V2X R14/R15255G NR C-V2X complements Rel-14 with new capabilitiesTargeting new use cases for autonomous drivingReal-time local updates Intention /Trajectory sharingHigh throughput sensor sharingCoordinated drivingDo not pass warning (DNPW)Intersection movement assist (IMA)

9 At a blind intersectionBlind curve /Local hazard warningRel-14 C-V2 XAutomotive safetyRel-16 5G NR C-V2 XAutonomous driving26 Resulting in a 5G NR C-V2X design that addresses autonomous vehicle use case requirements Higher throughput High spectral efficiencyto achieve higher data rateLower latency Access latency below1msfor time critical use casesHigher reliability Unicast multicast supportusing efficient feedbackHighvehicle speeds Support higher data rates atrelative speeds up to 500km/h Harmonious coexistenceCan coexist with Rel-14 in the same channel/bandBackward compatibility Vehicles with Rel-16 will also support Rel-14 for safety5 GNR C-V2X27 Intention SharingSupporting high level of predictability for advanced path planning28 Intent i o n /trajectory sharing for autonomous driving Providing higher level of predictability and traffic efficiency for advanced path planningEfficient maneuversAutonomous vehicles are able to make quicker.

10 Yet safe maneuvers by knowing the planned movements of surrounding vehiclesCoordinated driving Autonomous vehicles are able to choose time-efficient paths toward their given destinations as they knowthe planned movements of other vehiclesAdvanced path planningSupporting the level of predictability needed for advanced path planning for autonomous drivingSudden braking and lane change on a freeway 29 Leveraging 5G NR capabilities for intent sharingHigh throughputRequires high data rate ( more than 100 Mbps within 1km stretch Low latencyTrajectory informationhas to be shared withina few milliseconds High reliabilityTo accurately share trajectory information in a timely fashion30 Intent/trajectory sharing for faster yet safe maneuversA vehicle trying to change lanes is demonstrated for three scenariosScenario1 Human-driven vehicle without C-V2 XMay suffer from collision due tolack of blind spot detectionScenario 3 Autonomous vehiclewith 5G NR based C-V2 XEnables vehicles to selectfaster yet safe pathScenario 2 Autonomous vehiclewithout C-V2 XSafe, but may require significantly longer maneuver time31 Lane changing scenarioFollow us on:For more information, visit us & youNothing in these materials is an offer to sell any of the components or devices referenced herein.)