Austria - OECD.org

1 Government at a Glance 2017 Country Fact fiscal deficit in Austria has decreased below the OECD averageAfter experiencing a deficit in 2009, fiscal consolidation has brought the deficit to of GDP in 2015, while the OECD average deficit reached of the GDP. This is also reflected by the state of the primary balance, which measures the overall balance excluding net interest payments on government debt, as it reached a surplus of of GDP in 2015. In 2016, the deficit increased slightly to of GDP and the primary balance fell to a surplus of of GDP.

2 However, the structural primary balance is expected to remain positive in 2017 and 2018. Chapter 2. Public finance and economicsGeneral government fiscal balance as a percentage of GDPG eneral government primary balance and net interest spending as a percentage of GDPG eneral government structural primary balance as a percentage of potential GDPG eneral government projected structural primary balance as a percentage of potential GDPA ustria has one of the most comprehensive performance budgeting frameworksamong OECD countriesThe framework was introduced as part of far reaching budget reforms in 2013 which sought to improve budgetary

3 Decision-making. In particular, the reforms focussed on designing the federal budget as a compre-hensive steering instrument for resources, outputs and outcomes. These reforms are one of the reasons why, between 2011 and 2016 Austria improved the most on the OECD performance budgeting indicator among all OECD 5. Budgeting practices and proceduresFeatures of performance budgeting frameworkUse of performance budgeting practices at the central level of governmentThe share of women occupying cabinet positions fell below OECD averageBetween 2015 and 2017 the share of women ministers in Austria decreased from 31% to 23%, while the av-erage among all OECD countries remained around 28%.

4 During this period, the share of women parliamen-tarians in Austria remained above the OECD average, reaching 31% in 2017 while the OECD average was 29%. At the same time in the federal civil service 29% of senior civil servants are women, slightly below the OECD average of 33%.Chapter 3. Public employment and payShare of women ministersShare of women parliamentarians and legislated gender quotasShare of public sector employment filled by womenAustriaFiscal balance*(2015, 2016)Government expenditures(2015, 2016)Government gross debt*(2015)% of GDP% of GDP% of GDPS ource: OECD National AccountsSource.

5 OECD National AccountsG@G /dataG@G /data26134,50088,70052,700 Middle Managers(D3 positions)Senior Managers(D1 positions)SeniorProfessionalsSecretarial Positions2015 USD PPP150,000300,000450,000231,50050,400 Austria94,600121,200201,200 Annual compensation across central government positions (2015)Government investment(2015, 2016)How to read the figures:AustriaCountry value in blue (not represented if not available)Average of OECD countries in redRange of OECD country values in greyPublic Finance and Economics10%20%30%40%50% have been rounded. refers todata not available% of GDPP ublic EmploymentSource: OECD (2016) Survey on the Composition of the workforce in Central/federal GovernmentsSource: OECD (2016) Survey on the compensation of employees in central / federal and in senior positions (2015)Source: OECD* SNA definition, see Notes National AccountsSource: OECD* See Notes National AccountsPublic Sector in the civil service.

6 Source: OECD (2016) Survey on the Composition of the workforce in Central/federal GovernmentsPercentage of central government employees aged 55 years or older(2015)General government employmentas % of total employment (2015) : OECD National Accounts-10%0%-5%+5%+10% in GovernmentExtent of delegationof HRM practicesin line of the useof performanceassessmentsin HR of the useof performancerelated of separateHRM practicesfor seniorcivil indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 @G /dataSource: OECD (2016) Strategic Human Resources Management SurveyComposite indicators on HRM practices in central government (2016)Human Resource ManagementComposite indices on regulatory governance for primary laws*(2014)G@G /dataRegulatory governance0%10%20%30%40% : OECD National AccountsGeneral governmentprocurement expenditures(2015)% of government expenditures* See Notes Source.

7 OECD Indicators of Regulatory Policy and Governance (iREG)Public ProcurementSupport for greenpublic procurementSome procuring entities have developed an internal strategy/policyA strategy/policy has been developed at a central levelSupport forSMEsSupport for innovativegoods and servicesA strategy/policy has been rescindedThere has never been a strategy/policy in place11 25 108 24 019 19 06 AustriaStrategic public procurement - Objectives(2016)Source: OECD (2016) Survey on Public indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 highestPerformance budgetingpractices at the central levelof government (2016)Source.

8 OECD (2016) Survey of Performance BudgetingStakeholderengagement indeveloping ImpactAssessment fordeveloping post evaluationof indexfrom 0 lowest to 4 highest01234 AustriaNotes Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures. Regulatory governance indicators: The results for stakeholder engagement and Regulatory Impact Assessment apply exclusively to processes for developing primary laws initiated by the executive.

9 Data is not applicable to the United States, where all primary laws are initiated by Congress. In the majority of countries, most primary laws are initiated by the executive, except for Mexico and Korea, where a higher share of primary laws are initiated by parliament/congress (respectively and 84%). Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which differs from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future.

10 All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not DataDigital Government0%20%40%60%80% using the Internet for sending filled forms via public authorities websitesin the past 12 months (2016)Source: OECD, ICT database; and Eurostat, Information Society databaseOURdata Index:Open, Useful, Reusable Government Data( 2017 )Composite index: from 0 lowest to 1 highestSource: OECD ( 2017 ) Survey on Open Government re-useDifferences in income inequality pre and post-taxand government transfers (2013) and and transfersHigherinequalityLowerinequality Source: OECD Income Distribution Database Limited government powers (2016).