Battery Management Solutions - Epec

1 Battery Management Solutions Harvest the power of the world's energy Battery Authentication Battery Fuel Gauge Battery Charge Management Charger Front-End Protection Lithium-Ion Protection Solar Charging Wireless power 2012. Battery Management Solutions Introduction and Contents Texas Instruments (TI) offers complete Battery - Management portfolio with a full Battery Management Systems Overview .. 2. line of high-performance products. Emerging power Applications .. 4. These products range from Battery chargers to highly-efficient Battery fuel Charger Front-End Protection .. 7. gauges. Also included are power protec- Battery Charge Management .. 8. tion, authentication, and alternative charging sources such as solar and Single-Cell Solutions Battery Fuel Gauges .. 16. wire less power . Authentication for Batteries and Peripherals .. 17. TI makes designing easier by provid- Multi-Cell Solutions ing leading-edge support tools such as Battery Fuel Gauges and Monitors.

2 18. Lithium-Ion Protection .. 20. training, a broad selection of evalua- tion modules (EVMs), application notes, Wireless power .. 21. comprehensive technical documentation Receiver-Side Solutions .. 22. Transmitter-Side Solutions .. 23. and more. TI also offers samples and small orders (shipped within 24 hours via TI Worldwide Technical Support .. (back cover). TI authorized distributors) that will help you accelerate your time-to-market. Included in this selection guide you will Account Subscribe to find design factors, featured products, graphical representations of portfolios Register Today! Analog Connection and parametric tables. Stay informed on: Get a monthly update on new For more information about Battery New product releases analog products from TI: Management products, visit Design tools Amplifiers and comparators Samples power Management Evaluation modules Data converters Guides Interface System block diagrams Clocks and Timers Audio It's easy and quick!

3 Battery Management Systems Overview End applications in wireless, computing, consumer and industrial/medical markets Wireless power continue to expand into the portable space. TI's Battery Management Solutions DC. Inputs Nanopower and help address system protection, cost- Energy Harvesting effective linear and highly efficient Charger switchmode Battery charging. New Front-End power MUX Battery Charge advances in switch-mode charging Protection Control and Management USB. increase efficiency, thus decreasing Protection power dissipation and promoting a green Lithium-Ion Protection environment by wasting less energy. With and Authentication Battery -powered systems demanding for Batteries increased reliability, TI ensures maximum Rechargeable product safety with chargers that protect Battery Battery batteries from overvoltage and over- Fuel Gauges current conditions. Battery Management Solutions Guide 2 Texas Instruments 2012. Battery Management Solutions Battery Management Systems Overview Space is of utmost importance in specifications, we also offer the evalua- is ideally suited for fast charging from portable applications.

4 TI offers advanced tion modules, application notes, samples USB ports or for large Battery packs that Solutions that incorporate QFN and and data sheets needed to get your require charge rates >1 A. The switch- wafer-level chip-scale packaging and design to market faster. mode conversion minimizes heat genera- feature a high degree of integration to tion during charging. A wireless power Design Factors reduce solution size. In addition to topology uses shared magnetic fields to Battery Chemistry Each Battery reducing board space, many of these provide the benefit of contactless power chemistry has different operating charac- Solutions provide lower power dissipa- transfer. Wireless charging provides an teristics, such as discharge profiles and tion and increase overall efficiency. TI additional Battery -charging option for self-discharge rate. TI gas-gauge ICs are Battery Management Solutions support a portable devices or as a replacement for developed to account for these differ- wide range of Battery chemistries and other 5-V charging sources.

5 Ences and accurately display remaining cell counts, from popular Lithium-Ion energy in the Battery . Also, each Battery Input Voltage Wide input-voltage (Li-Ion) technologies to industry-standard chemis try has unique requirements for its range of the IC and input overvoltage nickel-metal-hydride and lead-acid charge algorithm, which is critical for protection offer maximum safety and batteries. maxi mizing its capacity, cycle life allow use of low-cost unregulated wall TI products support applications such and safety. adapters. as mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, Charge-Control Topology A simple Number of Series Cells A Battery portable consumer devices, portable linear topology works well in applications pack is constructed from a string of navigation devices, notebook comput- with low- power ( , one- or two-cell series and parallel cells. Each series cell, ers and many industrial and medical Li-Ion) Battery packs that are charged at or group of parallel cells, requires protec- applications.

6 TI has the Battery -man- less than 1 A. A switch-mode topology tion from overcharge, overdischarge and agement device to match your design short-circuit conditions. Battery Management Inputs Batteries Battery Charger Purpose Correctly charge using constant current and voltage Maximize Battery life and capacity Over-5-V Adapter Lithium-Ion Maintain safe operating range for voltage, current and temperature Lead-Acid What type of power source is available to recharge Lithium-Iron- your Battery pack? Solar Panels and Energy Harvesters Phosphate High-Voltage AC power The rst stage of the Battery - charging circuit will require an isolated power converter to generate a lower-voltage DC rail that is applied to the Battery pack. Input power Mid-Voltage DC power (~12 to 30 VDC) A switch-mode charger will be the likely charge-control solution. For higher Multi-Cell currents (above 4 A), external power FETs will likely be Single-Cell required. For currents below 4 A, in many cases a fully integrated solution may be possible.

7 Low-Voltage DC ( , from adapter or USB port) A low- USB and/or 5-V Adapter cost linear charger may be usable for currents below 1 A. Low-voltage switch-mode chargers are recommended for Wireless power SuperCap currents above 1 A. NiMH If the application requires simultaneous Battery charging and system operation, the charger device should include Lithium- power -path control functionality. Polymer Some systems require very accurate capacity reporting . NiCd both the percentage of power remaining and the estimated run time remaining in hours and minutes. These systems will bene t from TI's patented Impedance Track technol- ogy, which offers the highest accuracy. For less complex systems, CEDV fuel gauges may offer simpler, lower-cost implementation. Battery Management Solutions Guide 3 Texas Instruments 2012. Battery Management Solutions Emerging power Applications Solar Charging Photovoltaic technologies have evolved the sun to charge a Battery that supplies panel as well as with circuitry for load that can now provide more cost-effective power to off-grid applications is a more regulation.

8 Simple solar streetlights or and efficient energy harvesting from the practical solution. For these applica- solar lanterns can be developed by add- sun. Most solar harvesting today uses tions, a trade-off between cost and PV ing devices such as LED drivers. The high- power installations that provide efficiency is often required. Maximizing implementation of a USB switch with a supplemental AC power to the home or power from the panel is balanced with boost converter can create a simple to commercial buildings and are gener- the cost and size of the overall system. solar charger for portable devices. Other ally tied to the utility grid. However, much applications can implement motor driv- The diagrams below illustrate two of the world is still not yet tied to the ers for solar-powered fans or water examples of low-cost solar-charger grid, or the grid is unreliable, or being pumps. These are but a few of the appli cations where the Battery charger is tethered to the AC power supply is just options enabled by TI's new family of integrated with simple circuitry to maxi- not practical.

9 In these applications, using solar- charger ICs. mize the power point from the solar Solar Panel bq24650. Charger with LED. Input-Based Driver Dynamic power Management Solar Panel bq24210, TPS2500. bq25504 USB power Single-Cell Switch with Solar Boost Charger Converter Battery Management Solutions Guide 4 Texas Instruments 2012. Battery Management Solutions Emerging power Applications HEV Battery Management The Battery - Management system (BMS) key selling point to end users. The BMS also a crucial element for a system's is a key element in the overall HEV archi- modules require Battery supervision and lifetime and safety. The complete BMS. tecture. An intelligent implementation Battery cell-balancing features, often represents a highly safety-critical func- will extend not only the Battery 's lifetime connected through different communica- tion; therefore, reliable communication but also the possible range of a vehicle tion paths to ensure system redundancy.

10 And accurate data measurement are in fully electric drive mode, which is a Built-in temperature Management is necessities. Precharge Cell-Balancing Relay Components bq76PL536. Monitor and Balancer Safety Disconnect Relay Protector +. Cell-Balancing Components bq76PL536 Pack Monitor Monitor and Balancer V V. Load A. Cell-Balancing Components . bq76PL536. Monitor and Balancer Protector SPI . Interface Safety Disconnect Relay Cell-Balancing Components TMSx70 or bq76PL536 C2000 . Monitor and SPI ISO72xx Battery ISO72xx CAN. Balancer Safety System Safety Isolation controller Isolation Battery Management Solutions Guide 5 Texas Instruments 2012. Battery Management Solutions Emerging power Applications Energy Harvesting As new forms of alternative (off-grid) the challenge of converting ultra-low chargers. These power - Management energy are being developed, power - levels of nano power to more usable devices complement TI's portfolio of Management technologies are required levels and storing the energy for later low- power MCUs and RF, amplifier and to harvest, store and regulate this power .