Chapter 1 Organization and Organizational Behaviour

1 Organisation And Organisational Behaviour / 1123456789012345678901234567890121123456 7890123456789012345678901211234567890123 4567890123456789012112345678901234567890 1234567890121123456789012345678901234567 8901211234567890123456789012345678901211 2345678901234567890123456789012112345678 9012345678901234567890121123456789012345 6789012345678901211234567890123456789012 3456789012112345678901234567890123456789 0121123456789012345678901234567890121123 4567890123456789012345678901211234567890 1234567890123456789012112345678901234567 8901234567890121123456789012345678901234 5678901211234567890123456789012345678901 2112345678901234567890123456789012112345 6789012345678901234567890121123456789012 3456789012345678901211234567890123456789 0123456789012112345678901234567890123456 7890121123456789012345678901234567890121 123456789012345678901234567890121 Chapter 1 Organization and and Systematic and Organization and Evolution of Behaviour your Progress - for Self - OBJECTIVESA fter studying this Chapter , you should be able to:vDefine Organizational Behaviour (OB)vExplain the value of Systematic study of OBvIdentify the contributions made to OB by major disciplines of the major challenges and opportunities for managers to use OB INTRODUCTIONO rganizations are found in all walks of life.

2 Government offices, banks, schools,colleges, hospital, factories, shops, institutes, political parties and so on. This is neces-sary to carry on activities of each one of them. Organizing is a basic function of manage-ment. It refers to the process involving the identification and grouping of activities to beperformed, defining and establishing the authority-responsibility relationship. This enablespeople to work most effectively together in achieving the Organizational general, organizing consists of determining and arranging for men, and money required by an enterprise for the attainment of its goals.

3 In itsoperational sense, the term organizing means defining responsibilities of the employedpeople and the manner in which their activities are to be related. The final result oforganizing is the creation of a structure of duties and responsibilities of persons in orga-nizational different positions, grouping them according to the similarity, Behaviour andinterrelated nature of activities. In brief, organizing process results in the outcome called Organization , consisting of a group of people working together for the achievement of oneor more common ORGANIZATIONWe will consider a few definitions of some authors.

4 Money and Reiley: Organi-zation is the form of every human association for the attainment of a common purpose .Puffier and Sherwood: Organization is the pattern of ways in which large numbers ofpeople have intimate face to face contact with all others, are engaged in a variety oftasks, relate themselves to each other in conscious, systematic establishment and ac-complishment of mutually agreed purposes . Organizational Behaviour / 2 The basic feature of any Organization is the hierarchy of persons in it. It, therefore,distinguishes among different persons and decides who will be superior and the subordi-nate.

5 All the organizations allow an unwritten rule that the subordinate cannot defy theorders of the Need for OrganizationWe need Organization to execute the management function. Study of organiza-tion has to be made necessarily for following provides an ideal setting for the study of human Behaviour . The study of organiza-tion leads to man s important discoveries that are vital for the continued well-beingof the institutes particularly and the society in of Organization helps managers to effectively, know various things, suchas how to run the Organization and protect the environment needs, how to motivaterun the Organizational subordinates, how to manage conflicts, how to introducebehavioural changes and so pervade in all the important phases of man s life.

6 A man is born inorganizations (hospitals, clinics etc.); he is educated in organizations (schools,colleges etc.), and works in Organization (factories, office etc.). Process of OrganizingWe have seen that the outcome of an organizing process is the Organization .Organizing is the process by which managers bring order out of chaos and create properconditions for effective teamwork. Organizing involves the following interrelated : Every Organization must have objectives. Therefore, every manage-ment essentially has to identify the objectives before starting any : Identifying and grouping several activities is an important process.

7 Ifindividuals of the groups are to pool their efforts effectively, there must be properdivision of the major activities. Each and every job must be properly classified :Every individual needs to be allotted his duty. After classifying and groupingthe activities into various jobs, they should be allotted to the individuals so that theyperform them effectively. Every individual should be given a specific job to do ac-cording to his ability. He may also be given adequate responsibility to do the joballotted to : Many individuals work in an Organization . It is the responsibility ofmanagement to lay down the structure of relationships in the Organization : All groups of activities must be properly integrated.

8 This can be achievedin the following ways: through relationship of authority: horizontal, vertical or unity of objectives can be achieved along with teamwork and team spirit bythe integration process of different Organizational BEHAVIOUREach of us is a student of Behaviour . We are aware that certain types of behaviourare linked to certain types of responsibilities. As we mature, we expand our observationsto include the Behaviour of others. We develop generalizations that help us to predict andexplain what people do and will do. How accurate are these generalizations? Some mayrepresent extremely sophisticated appraisals of Behaviour and prove highly effective inexplaining and predicting the Behaviour of others.

9 Most of us also carry about with us anumber of beliefs that frequently fail to explain why people do what they do. As a result, aOrganisation And Organisational Behaviour / 3systematic approach to the study of Behaviour can improve an individual s explanatoryand predictive ImportanceOrganizational Behaviour (OB) is a study involving the impact of individuals, groupand structure or Behaviour within the Organization . This study is useful for the effectiveworking of an Organization . It is a study of what people do within an Organization and howtheir Behaviour affects the performance of an Organization .

10 Organizational Behaviour isconcerned mainly with employment related matters such as job, work, leaves, turnover,productivity, human performance and management. Organizational Behaviour also includesthe core topics like motivation, leader Behaviour and power, interpersonal communication,group structure and process, learning attitude, perception, conflicts, work design andwork Behaviour introduces you to a comprehensive set of concepts andtheories, it has to deal with a lot of commonly accepted facts about human Behaviour andorganizations that have been acquired over the years, like you can teach an old dog newtricks.