Chapter 2 Basic Computer Configuration - FTMS

1 CSCA0101 Computing Basics1 CSCA0101 COMPUTING BASICSC hapter 2 Basic Computer ConfigurationCSCA0101 Computing Basics2 Basic Computer ConfigurationTopics: Basic Operations Computer Components Computer CategoriesCSCA0101 Computing Basics3 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputing TerminologyData Data is anything in a form suitable for use with a Computer . Information Computing Basics4 Basic Computer ConfigurationThree Basics Kind of ComputerComputerAnalogueDigitalHybridCSC A0101 Computing Basics5 Basic Computer ConfigurationThree Basics Kind of ComputerAnalogueComputer Suchtypeofdataincludestemperature,pressu re,speedweight,voltage,depthetc.

2 Computing Basics6 Basic Computer ConfigurationThree Basics Kind of ComputerDigitalComputer ADigitalComputerworkswithdigitstoreprese ntnumerals,lettersorotherspecialsymbols. DigitalComputersoperateoninputswhichareO N-OFFtypeanditsoutputisalsointheformofON -OFFsignal. Normally,anONisrepresentedbya1andanOFFis representedbya0. Computing Basics7 Basic Computer ConfigurationThree Basics Kind of ComputerHybridComputer Ahybridisacombinationofdigitalandanalogc omputers. Itcombinesthebestfeaturesofbothtypesofco mputers, ,theyhelptheuser, Computing Basics8 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer Operations Thecomputerisanelectronicmachinethatperf ormsthefollowingfivebasicoperations: Input Process Output Store ControlCSCA0101 Computing Basics9 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsInput Itistheprocessofcapturingoracquiringthei nformation,oritistheprocessofacceptingda taorinformation,byusinginputthecomputerc andoanyprocess.

3 Computing Basics10 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsInput Data is gathered Manually Automatically BothCSCA0101 Computing Basics11 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsTypes of Computer Input Data the raw facts given to the Computer . Programs the sets of instructions that direct the Computer . Commands special codes or key wordsthat the user inputs to perform a task. Userresponse the user's answer to the Computer 's Computing Basics12 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsProcessing Itisthetransformationprocesstoconvertthe inputintooutput.

4 Aprocessisaninstanceofrunningaprogram. Itcausethecomputertofollowinstructionsfr omtheMemory. PerformbyCentralProcessingUnit(CPU).CSCA 0101 Computing Basics13 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsProcessing TheCPUhasthreeparts: Arithmetic/LogicUnit(ALU) ControlUnit Input/OutputUnit(I/O)CSCA0101 Computing Basics14 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsProcessingArithmetic/LogicUnit (ALU) Thepartofacomputerthatperformsallarithme ticcomputations,suchasadditionandmultipl ication, Computing Basics15 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsProcessingControlUnit Thecontrolunitisthecircuitrythatcontrols theflowofdatathroughtheprocessor, Computing Basics16 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsProcessingInput/OutputUnit(I/O Unit)

5 Computing Basics17 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsComputer Output It is the result, which comes from the transformation process or it is the outcome of the process. Anything that comes out of a Computer . Example: Report Music Graphic Video clipCSCA0101 Computing Basics18 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsTypes of Computer Output Hard copy Printed on paper or other permanent media. Soft copy A soft copyis the unprinted digital document file. Displayed on screen or by other non-permanent means. It can be transported from one Computer to Computing Basics19 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsTypes of Computer OutputHard copySoft copyCSCA0101 Computing Basics20 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsCategories of Output Text documents reports, letters, memo.

6 Graphics charts, graphs, pictures Multimedia combination of text, graphics, video, audioCSCA0101 Computing Basics21 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsStoring Itistheprocessofstoringorretainingthedat aorinformationorinstructions,sothattheus ercanretainandretrieveitwheneverrequired . Capabilitytostoreinformationafterprocess ing. Computing Basics22 Basic Computer ConfigurationComputer OperationsControlling Computing Basics23 Basic Computer ConfigurationHardware vs. Software Hardwareis any part of your Computer that has a physical structure, such as the Computer monitor or keyboard.

7 Softwareis any set of instructionsthat tells the hardware what to do. It is what guides the hardware and tells it how to accomplish each task. CSCA0101 Computing Basics24 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsCSCA0101 Computing Basics25 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsSystem Unit The system unit is the core of a Computer system. The most important of these components is the central processing unit (CPU), or microprocessor, which acts as the "brain" of your Computer . Another component is random access memory (RAM), which temporarily stores information that the CPU uses while the Computer is on.

8 Almost every other part of your Computer connects to the system unit using Computing Basics26 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsComputer Case Where all of the components are stored. The Computer case serves mainly as a way to physically mount and contain all of the actual Computer components. Cases typically come bundled with a power supply. Two types of casing: Tower DesktopCSCA0101 Computing Basics27 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsComputer Case Two types of casing: Tower Desktop Desktop and tower computers are two different styles of Computer case that use desk space in varying ways.

9 Desktop computers are designed to lay flat on the desk, while towers stand Computing Basics28 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsComputer CaseTower casingDesktop casingCSCA0101 Computing Basics29 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsPower Supply Used to sends power to all of the other hardware so they can operate. Two types of power supply: AT (Advanced Technology) ATX (Advanced Technology Extended)CSCA0101 Computing Basics30 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsCentral Processing Unit (CPU) The CPU, or the Central Processing Unit, is the brain of the Computer and the single most important chip in the Computer .

10 The CPU performs the system's calculating and processing. CSCA0101 Computing Basics31 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsCPU Fan Any fan inside a Computer case used for cooling Computing Basics32 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsComputer Memory Also known as Random Access Memory (RAM) Computer memoryis used to store information in electronic devices. CSCA0101 Computing Basics33 Basic Computer ConfigurationBasic Computer ComponentsMotherboard The main circuit board of the Computer . All key internal and external components of the Computer plug into the Motherboard.