CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - Assets

1 CHEMICAL ENGINEERINGAn introduction CHEMICAL ENGINEERING is the field of applied science that employs physical, CHEMICAL , and biochemical rate processes for the betterment of humanity. Thisopening sentence of Chapter 1 is the underlying paradigm of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An Introductionis designed to enable the studentto explore the activities in which a modern CHEMICAL engineer is involved byfocusing on mass and energy balances in liquid-phase processes. Applicationsexplored include the design of a feedback level controller, membrane sepa-ration, hemodialysis, optimal design of a process with CHEMICAL reaction andseparation, washout in a bioreactor, kinetic and mass transfer limits in a two-phase reactor, and the use of a membrane reactor to overcome equilibrium limitson conversion. Mathematics is employed as a language at the most elementarylevel.

2 Professor Morton M. Denn incorporates design meaningfully; the designand analysis problems are realistic in format and scope. Students using this textwill appreciate why they need the courses that follow in the core M. Denn is the Albert Einstein Professor of Science and Engineeringand Director of the Benjamin Levich Institute for Physico- CHEMICAL Hydro-dynamics at the City College of New York, CUNY. Prior to joining CCNYin 1999, he was Professor of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING at the University of Cal-ifornia, Berkeley, where he served as Department Chair, as well as ProgramLeader for Polymers and Head of Materials Chemistry in the Materials Sci-ences Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He previouslytaught CHEMICAL ENGINEERING at the University of Delaware, where he was theAllan P.

3 Colburn Professor. Professor Denn was Editor of theAIChE Journalfrom 1985 to 1991 and Editor of theJournal of Rheologyfrom 1995 to is the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship; a Fulbright Lectureship; theProfessional Progress, William H. Walker, Warren K. Lewis, Institute Lecture-ship, and Founders Awards of the American Institute of CHEMICAL Engineers;the CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Lectureship of the American Society for EngineeringEducation; and the Bingham Medal and Distinguished Service Awards of theSociety of Rheology. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineeringand the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and he received an honoraryDSc from the University of Minnesota. His previous books areOptimizationby Variational Methods; introduction to CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Analysis, coau-thored with T.

4 W. Fraser Russell;Stability of Reaction and Transport Processes;Process Fluid Mechanics;Process Modeling;andPolymer Melt Processing: Foun-dations in Fluid Mechanics and Heat in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M. DennFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M. DennFrontmatterMore informationCambridge Series in CHEMICAL EngineeringSeries Editor:Arvind VarmaPurdue UniversityEditorial Board:Christopher BowmanUniversity of ColoradoEdward CusslerUniversity of MinnesotaChaitan KhoslaStanford UniversityAthanassios Z. PanagiotopoulosPrinceton UniversityGregory StephanopolousMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyJackie YingInstitute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, SingaporeBooks in the Series:Chau,Process Control: A First Course with MATLABC ussler,Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, Third EditionCussler and Moggridge, CHEMICAL Product Design, Second EditionDenn, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionDenn,Polymer Melt Processing: Foundations in Fluid Mechanics and Heat TransferDuncan and Reimer, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Design and Analysis: An IntroductionFan and Zhu,Principles of Gas-Solid FlowsFox,Computational Models for Turbulent Reacting FlowsLeal,Advanced Transport Phenomena: Fluid Mechanics and Convective TransportMorbidelli, Gavriilidis, and Varma,Catalyst Design.

5 Optimal Distribution of Catalystin Pellets, Reactors, and MembranesNoble and Terry,Principles of CHEMICAL Separations with Environmental Applica-tionsOrbey and Sandler,Modeling Vapor-Liquid Equilibria: Cubic Equations of Stateand Their Mixing RulesPetyluk,Distillation Theory and Its Applications to Optimal Design of SeparationUnitsRao and Nott,An introduction to Granular FlowRussell, Robinson, and Wagner,Mass and Heat Transfer: Analysis of Mass Contac-tors and Heat ExchangersSlattery,Advanced Transport PhenomenaVarma, Morbidelli, and Wu,Parametric Sensitivity in CHEMICAL SystemsWagner and Mewis,Colloidal Suspension in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M. DennFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M.

6 DennFrontmatterMore informationChemical EngineeringAN INTRODUCTIONM orton M. DennThe City College of New in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M. DennFrontmatterMore informationcambridge university pressCambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town,Singapore, S o Paulo, Delhi, Mexico CityCambridge University Press32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, ny 10013-2473, on this title: Morton M. Denn 2012 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exceptionand to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,no reproduction of any part may take place without the writtenpermission of Cambridge University published 2012 Reprinted 2012 (thrice)A catalog record for this publication is available from the British of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Denn, Morton M.

7 , 1939 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : an introduction / Morton Denn. p. cm. (Cambridge series in CHEMICAL ENGINEERING )Includes bibliographical references and 978-1-107-01189-2 (hardback) isbn 978-1-107-66937-6 (pbk.)1. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING . I. 2011660 dc22 2011012921isbn 978-1-107-01189-2 Hardbackisbn 978-1-107-66937-6 PaperbackCambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M. DennFrontmatterMore informationContentsPrefacepageix1 CHEMICAL Concepts of Balance Mass Reacting and Nonlinear Systems and Interfacial Mass Staged Balances for Multicomponent Balances for Reacting in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M.

8 DennFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-66937-6 - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : An IntroductionMorton M. DennFrontmatterMore informationPreface CHEMICAL ENGINEERING is the field of applied science that employs physical, chemi-cal, and biochemical rate processes for the betterment of humanity. This openingsentence of Chapter 1 has been the underlying paradigm of CHEMICAL engineeringfor at least a century, through the development of modern CHEMICAL and petro- CHEMICAL , biochemical, and materials processing, and into the twenty-first centuryas CHEMICAL engineers have applied their skills to fundamental problems in pharma-ceuticals, medical devices and drug-delivery systems, semiconductor manufacturing,nanoscale technology, renewable energy, environmental control, and so on.

9 Therole of the introductory course in CHEMICAL ENGINEERING is to develop a frameworkthat enables the student to move effortlessly from basic science and mathematicscourses into the ENGINEERING science and technology courses that form the core of aprofessional CHEMICAL ENGINEERING education, as well as to provide the student witha comprehensive overview of the scope and practice of the profession. An effectiveintroductory course should therefore be constructed around the utilization of rateprocesses in a context that relates to actual ENGINEERING as an academic discipline has always suffered from thefact that the things that CHEMICAL engineers do as professionals are not easily demon-strated in a way that conveys understanding to the general public, or even to engi-neering students who are just starting to pursue their technical courses.

10 (Everysecondary school student can relate to robots, bridges, computers, or heart-lungmachines, but how do you easily convey the beauty and societal importance of anoptimally designed pharmaceutical process or the exponential cost of improved sep-aration?) The traditional introductory course in CHEMICAL ENGINEERING has usuallybeen called something like Material and Energy Balances, and the course hastypically focused on flowsheet analysis, overall mass balance and equilibrium calcu-lations, and process applications of thermochemistry. Such courses rarely explore thescope of the truly challenging and interesting problems that occupy today s have taken a very different approach in this text. My goal is to enable the studentto explore a broad range of activities in which a modern CHEMICAL engineer mightbe involved, which I do by focusing on liquid-phase processes.