Communities in the Platinum Minefields

1 Communities in the Platinum Minefields POLICY GAP 6 A Review of Platinum Mining in the Bojanala District of the North West Province: A Participatory Action Research (PAR) Approach The Bench Marks Foundation The research was commissioned by the Bench Marks Foundation, and was conducted by: David van Wyk, Mudjadji Trading (Pty) Ltd in collaboration with the Bench Marks Centre for Corporate social Responsibility at the North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, and the Bench Marks Community Monitoring School.

2 The Bench Marks Foundation PO Box 62538 Marshalltown 2107 Johannesburg South Africa Tel/Fax: +27 11 832-1750 Tel: +27 11 832-1743/2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements .. i The Bench Marks Foundation .. ii Foreword .. iii Preface .. v Executive Summary .. vi Contextualised Quotes .. ix 1. INTRODUCTION .. 1 Background .. 1 3 2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .. 4 Research 4 Participatory Action Research (PAR) .. 4 PAR Research Process .. 6 First and Second Phase: The Self-Perception (Private Image) and the Public Image of the Corporations.

3 9 Third Phase: The Experienced/Reputational Personalities of the Corporations under Review .. 11 social Communication .. 12 Taking Pictures .. 18 Participatory Mapping .. 19 Story Writing .. 20 Fourth Phase: Review of Policy Gap 1 .. 21 3. THE CORPORATION AS PERSONALITY .. 22 The 22 The Bench Marks Principles for Global Corporate Responsibility .. 24 The Corporate Personality Approach .. 25 4. PROFILE OF BOJANALA DISTRICT .. 29 Background on the Bojanala District .. 29 The Employment Profile of the District.

4 30 The Services and Infrastructure Situation in the Bojanala District .. 32 Housing Backlog in the Bojanala District .. 35 Education Facilities in the Bojanala 38 Health and HIV/AIDS in the Bojanala District .. 39 Comments on the Bojanala District Profile .. 41 5. FINDINGS .. 43 Anglo Platinum .. 43 Private and Public Personalities .. 43 The Experienced Personality of Anglo Platinum .. 46 Women in Mining .. 46 HDSA's in Management and Occupational Levels .. 49 Plans to Build 20 000 Houses over the Next Ten Years.

5 50 Multi-million Rand Black Economic Empowerment Deal for Communities .. 52 People with Disabilities, Mine Health and Safety .. 55 Environmental Impacts .. 58 Impala Platinum .. 59 Private and Public Personalities .. 59 Sustainability .. 61 Employee Health and Safety .. 62 HIV/AIDS .. 62 Tuberculosis .. 63 Environmental Performance .. 63 social Performance .. 64 The Experienced Personality of Impala Platinum .. 64 Mine Fatalities .. 65 Environmental Impacts .. 69 Lonmin .. 70 Private and Public Personalities.

6 70 Lonmin s Experienced Personality .. 72 Worker Health and Safety .. 72 Lonmin and Local Employment in Marikana .. 76 Lonmin CSR project in Marikana .. 76 The Impact of Mining on Commercial Agriculture in the Marikana Area .. 77 Xstrata .. 82 Public and Private Personalities .. 82 Xstrata s HIV/AIDS Programmes .. 85 Employment .. 86 The Experienced Personality of Xstrata .. 86 HIV/AIDS Impacts on Mineworkers and Communities .. 86 Employment of Locals .. 88 General .. 88 Aquarius .. 89 Private and Public Personalities.

7 89 Risk Management .. 90 Black Economic Empowerment .. 91 Creating Employment .. 92 Accommodation and Nutrition .. 93 Corporate social Responsibility and Local Economic 94 The Experienced Personality of Aquarius as Reflected by the Communities of Ikemeleng and Marikana .. 95 Black Economic Empowerment a Critical View .. 95 Creating Employment .. 97 Accommodation and Nutrition .. 101 Corporate social Responsibility and Local Economic 101 Royal Bafokeng Platinum Limitied (RBPL) .. 101 Private and Public Personalities.

8 101 Ownership .. 103 Risk Management .. 104 Stakeholder Interaction .. 105 HIV/AIDS .. 105 The Experienced Personality of the Bafokeng Platinum Mines (Chaneng and Luka Communities ) .. 106 The Contested History of Landownership .. 106 A Grave Matter the RBN, RBH, RBP as Custodians of Traditional Culture in Phokeng .. 108 Ownership as Seen from the Community .. 110 HIV/AIDS and Health .. 111 Local Employment .. 112 Luka Village .. 112 6. CONCLUSION .. 117 Corporate Personalities Assessed .. 117 7. RECOMMENDATIONS.

9 122 Background .. 122 The South African Parliament .. 122 The South African Government .. 124 Environment .. 124 Living Conditions and Housing .. 124 Health and Safety .. 125 Women in Mining .. 125 The South African Human Rights Commission .. 125 Civil Society Organisations .. 126 Corporate social Responsibility .. 126 social Relations, Communities and CSR .. 126 Failed CSR Programmes .. 127 Recommendations for all Companies Surveyed in this Study .. 128 Economic Issues: Local Employment and Subcontracting.

10 128 Employee Health and Safety .. 128 social Issues .. 129 Environmental Issues .. 130 Specific Company Recommendations .. 130 Anglo Platinum .. 130 Impala .. 131 Aquarius .. 133 Xstrata .. 133 Lonmin .. 134 Royal Bafokeng Mining .. 134 Annexure 1: Comparison of Findings from Policy Gap 1 and Policy Gap 6 .. 136 Bibliography .. 143 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: The Bench Marks Principles 24 Table 2: The impact of mining on water throughout the life of a mine 33 Table 3: Education facilities in the Bojanala District by type 38 Table 4: Schedule of visits to Platinum mines in Zimbabwe 48 Table 5: The use of contractors by Implats vs full-time employees 66 Table 6: Lonmin s achievements and challenges 71 Table 7: Percentage of employees at SA operations living within a 50km radius 92 Table 8.