Conditionals: If Clauses and Wish - University of Michigan ...

1 74 Unit4 Conditionals: IfClauses and WishDiscover the GrammarJanice and Kurt are planning their upcoming vacation. Read this passage, and then answer thequestions that 2345678910111213 For each of the past eight years, Janice and Kurt have spent their vacationtime at home, either working in the garden or fixing up the house. This year,however, they are planning to spend their July vacation somewhere ve checked the Internet for weather information about areas of the country they might like to visit. They are really eager to travel somewhere soon. In fact, if they had free time right now, they would take their vacationimmediately, but they can t leave right now.

2 They still have a couple of months to explore their options. So far, they have learned the following information. If they want to spendtheir time near the water, they will have a hard time choosing among dozens ofoutstanding beach resorts. For example, if they go to the beach in Atlantic City,New Jersey, the air temperature will be in the mid-70s in July, and the watertemperature will be in the low 70s. That s very appealing to them. On theClear Grammar 4, 2nd edition: Keys to Advanced ESL Grammar Keith S. Folse, Deborah Mitchell, Barbara Smith-Palinkas, and Donna Tortorella Michigan ELT, 2013 Copyright (c) 2013.

3 University of Michigan Press. All rights reserved. 4: Conditionals751. Circle the eight examples of if and the two examples of wishin the passage. 2. Write the line numbers of the four if Clauses that have simple past tense the subject-verb combinations from both the ifclause and the main first one has been done for you as an 161718192021222324252627other hand, if they chose to visit Miami Beach in July, both the air and thewater temperatures would be considerably warmer, around 85 degrees. Thatsounds wonderful to them, too. Janice and Kurt also like to go camping, sovacationing in the mountains is another option.

4 They could choose to visit the Rocky Mountains in Colorado if they wanted cooler weather. In July, the temperature in the mountains can range from a high of 80 degrees to a low of 40 degrees. If they go to the Rockies, they will certainly have to plan for this type of weather variation. It is without a doubt a tough decision that Janice and Kurt are facing. Theywish they were able to go to all of the places they have researched. If they hadmore money and more time, they would be able to do exactly that. In fact, theywould have gone to both the beach and the mountains this year if they hadn trecently spent so much of their savings on a new big-screen TV.

5 They wish theyhad realized this earlier!LinesifClausesMain Clause6If they had .. they would take .. four of these sentences are talking about the present time. What do younotice about the verbs in the ifclause and in the main clause? Do you see anypresent tense verbs?_____Clear Grammar 4, 2nd edition: Keys to Advanced ESL Grammar Keith S. Folse, Deborah Mitchell, Barbara Smith-Palinkas, and Donna Tortorella Michigan ELT, 2013 Copyright (c) 2013. University of Michigan Press. All rights reserved. Clear Grammar 4, Write the line numbers of the three if Clauses that have simple present tenseverbs.

6 Write the subject-verb combinations from both the if clause and the mainclause. LineifClausesMain Clause5. All three of these sentences are talking about the future time. What do you noticeabout the verbs in the if clause and in the main clause? Do you see any futuretense? the one if clause with past perfect tense. What time is this sentence talkingabout? _____What is the verb in the main clause? the two examples of wish . Are the verbs after wishtalking about present orpast time? What tense are they?LineVerb afterwishTenseTime8. What questions do you have about this grammar?

7 _____Clear Grammar 4, 2nd edition: Keys to Advanced ESL Grammar Keith S. Folse, Deborah Mitchell, Barbara Smith-Palinkas, and Donna Tortorella Michigan ELT, 2013 Copyright (c) 2013. University of Michigan Press. All rights reserved. 4: Conditionals77 Grammar LessonReal Conditionals in the Present or FutureA conditional sentence expresses the idea that the action in the main clause (the resultclause) can only happen when a certain condition (the clause that begins withif) is fulfilled. The ifclause states the condition, and the main clause states the Condition IfClauseResult or Main ClauseMeaningIfthe weather changessuddenly,simple present tenseI geta headache.

8 Simple present tensefactualIfit snowsa lot tonight,simple present tensethey will call offschool tensecertainty/predictionfor thefutureIfyou havetime,simple present tenseyou should visitthe local + VERB advice/suggestion/warning forthe futureIfit rains, simple present tensedon t openthe thefutureRule 1. Real conditions express situations that can happen in the present or future. They are often used when stating facts, general knowledge, habits, predictions,advice, or 2. Real conditions in the present (factual)use the simple present tense form ofthe verb in both the ifclause and the 3.

9 Real conditions in thefuture (real possibility)use the simple present tense formof the verb in the ifclause + modal or modal phrase(should/can/could/may/might, will,be going to, have to) and the base form of the verb or the imperative in the result clause. Rule formsof the verb can be used in the condition or result clause Grammar 4, 2nd edition: Keys to Advanced ESL Grammar Keith S. Folse, Deborah Mitchell, Barbara Smith-Palinkas, and Donna Tortorella Michigan ELT, 2013 Copyright (c) 2013. University of Michigan Press. All rights reserved. Clear Grammar 4, CAREFUL!

10 Common Learner ErrorsExplanation1. If it will rainrainstonight, I will callyou for a ride not use willor be going toin the ifclause. 2. Tornadoes can cause severe damage toa building, ifa building ifthey touchdown. Do not use a comma after the resultclause. Use a comma after the 1. Real Conditions in the Present or FutureCircle the real conditions from the list of items from a gardening pamphlet. Five Sage Suggestions for Gardeners1. If you choose the wrong plants for your garden,the plants will not The plants may not need fertilizer if the soil plants are covered with mulch, diseases cannotinfect them so If weeds are not picked, the plants have tocompete for water and nutrients.