CRIMINOLOGY WORKBOOK

1 CRIMINOLOGY WORKBOOKThe Napier PressWJEC LEVEL 3 CRIMINOLOGY BOOK TWOC riminologyNAPIER PRESST opic Describe processes used for law making 2 Topic Describe the organisation of the criminal justice system in England and Wales 14 Topic Describe models of criminal justice 23 Topic Explain forms of social control 35 Topic Discuss the aims of punishment 44 Topic Assess how forms of punishment meet the aims of punishment 56 Topic Explain the role of agencies in social control 69 Topic Describe the contribution of agencies to achieving social control 87 Topic Examine the limitations of agencies in achieving social control 104 Topic Evaluate the effectiveness of agencies in achieving social control 117 UNIT 4 Crime and Punishment8686 UNIT4 OverviewThis Unit is about social control that is, about how society seeks to control our behaviour and ensure that we obey the law.

2 It focuses on the criminal justice system and its efforts to achieve social begin by looking at how the law is made by Parliament and by the decisions of judges. We then go on to examine how the criminal justice system is organised to uphold the law and punish those who break it. This involves looking at how agencies such as the police, Crown Prosecution Service, the courts, prisons and probation service t together. We also look at the different values on which a criminal justice system can be based. For example, it can emphasise the need to protect the rights of the accused against the power of the state, such as the principle that you are innocent until proven guilty. Or it can focus on protecting the public by suppressing crime, even at the cost of some innocent people being wrongly we look at punishment and what it is for.

3 For example, should the aim of imprisonment just be to protect the public by taking offenders off the streets? Or should it be about rehabilitating criminals so that they go straight and lead a crime-free life? As we shall see, the justice system uses punishment to try to achieve several different do the prisons, police and other agencies of the criminal justice system actually succeed in achieving their aims? For example, does prison succeed in preventing people re-offending? When you have completed this Unit, you will be in a position to evaluate how effective the different agencies are in achieving social control and ensuring that society s members obey the AND PUNISHMENTThis Topic deals with who makes the law.

4 In England and Wales, there are two main sources of the law: the government the shall look at each of these two sources and how they make the processes of law makingParliamentThe United Kingdom is a parliamentary democracy. This means that most of the country s laws are made by passing Acts of Parliament. Laws made by Parliament are also often referred to as statutes or legislation .Parliament is made up of three parts: the monarch (the queen or king) the House of Lords the House of Commons. The monarch has only a formal role in law-making. The king or queen simply gives the Royal Assent their agreement to the new Lords Members of the House of Lords are called peers. There are about 800 peers.

5 In the past, all peers were noblemen (such as dukes and barons) and they were hereditary positions that passed from father to eldest son. However, today there are only 92 hereditary peers; there are also 26 Church of England bishops and archbishops. The rest of the members are life peers who cannot pass their position on to their children. The main job of the Lords is to act as a double check on new Napier CRIMINOLOGY 15/13/19 11:59 AM 2019 Napier Press Limited. All rights reserved The Napier Press CRIMINOLOGY Unit Four WorkbookCriminologyNAPIER PRESS87 Getting startedWorking with a partner, complete the following:1. From what you have studied so far in your course or from your own knowledge, note down what you know about how laws are made.

6 For example, who is involved in making the law?2. Consider the law to make stalking a criminal offence (see CRIMINOLOGY Book One, page 160). Who campaigned for the new law and why did the campaign succeed?Share your answers with the rest of the class. Describe processes used for law Topic deals with who makes the law. In England and Wales, there are two main sources of the law: the government the shall look at each of these two sources and how they make the processes of law makingParliamentThe United Kingdom is a parliamentary democracy. This means that most of the country s laws are made by passing Acts of Parliament. Laws made by Parliament are also often referred to as statutes or legislation.

7 Parliament is made up of three parts: the monarch (the queen or king) the House of Lords the House of Commons. The monarch has only a formal role in law-making. The king or queen simply gives the Royal Assent their agreement to the new Lords Members of the House of Lords are called peers. There are about 800 peers. In the past, all peers were noblemen (such as dukes and barons) and they were hereditary positions that passed from father to eldest son. However, today there are only 92 hereditary peers; there are also 26 Church of England bishops and archbishops. The rest of the members are life peers who cannot pass their position on to their children. The main job of the Lords is to act as a double check on new Napier CRIMINOLOGY 25/13/19 11:59 AMTopic processes used for law making 2019 Napier Press Limited.

8 All rights reserved The Napier Press CRIMINOLOGY Unit Four WorkbookGovernment processes of law making (pages 87-90) CriminologyNAPIER PRESSTOPIC Describe processes used for law makingLearning Objectives:After studying this Topic, you should be able to: - Describe processes used for law making including: government processes judicial Know the legislative process and the role of judges in making criminal law. Synoptic links: You should relate this to the review of verdicts in criminal cases in Unit 3 and campaigns and changes in policy learned in Unit Started (page 87)Write your answers to the Getting Started activity From what you have studied so far on your course or from your own knowledge, note down what you know about how laws are made.

9 For example, who is involved in making the law?2. Consider the law to make stalking a criminal offence (see CRIMINOLOGY Book One, page 160). Who campaigned for the new law and why did the campaign succeed?2 Parliament (page 87)1. How does a parliamentary democracy like the UK make most of its laws?2. What is the role of the monarch in law-making in the UK? CriminologyNAPIER PRESS3 2019 Napier Press Limited. All rights reserved The Napier Press CRIMINOLOGY Unit Four WorkbookTopic processes used for law making3 The Lords (page 87)1. How many peers are there in the House of Lords?2. In the UK today, how many hereditary peers are there? How does this compare to in the past?3. What is the main job of the Lords in law-making?

10 The Commons (page 88)1. Why is the House of Commons the most important part of Parliament?2. How do the 650 Members of Parliament gain their place in the House of Commons?Activity: Media Parliamentary democracy (page 88)1. What is the presenter trying to show when he pretends to be a dictator? 2. What does democracy mean? 3. Who gets to vote in the UK? CriminologyNAPIER PRESS4 2019 Napier Press Limited. All rights reserved The Napier Press CRIMINOLOGY Unit Four Workbook4. What are the three parts of Parliament? 5. What are the House of Commons and the House of Lords responsible for? 6. Briefly describe the House of Commons and how it is How does the House of Lords differ from the House of Commons?