Das Kapital, Volume I

1 das kapital , Volume IKarl MarxFourth Edition, 1890 ContentsForeword 2002xiiPreface to the First Edition of Capital xvPostface to the Second EditionxxxPreface to the French EditionlxiPostface to the French EditionlxiviContentsPreface to the Third EditionlxviiPreface to the English EditionlxxviPreface to the Fourth EditionxciiI. Commodities and Money11. The Use-Value and Value.. Double Character of Labor.. Form of Value.. Simple, Isolated, or Accidental Form of Value.. The Total or Expanded Form of Value.. General Form of Value.. Money Form.. Fetish-Like Character and its Secret..129iiContents2. Exchange Process1703. Money or the Circulation of Measure of Value.. Means of Circulation.. The Metamorphosis of Commodities.. The Flow of Money.. Coins and Symbols of Value.

2 Money.. Hoarding.. Means of Payment.. World Money..344II. The Transformation of Money into Capital3504. General Formula of Capital351iiiContents5. Contradictions of M C M3816. Sale and Purchase of Labor-Power415 III. The Production of Absolute Surplus-Value4477. Labor Process and Valorization Labor Process.. Valorization Process..4788. Constant Capital and Variable Capital5209. The Rate of The Degree of Exploitation of Labor-Power.. Representation of Value of Product.. Senior s Last Hour .. The Surplus Product.. Limits of Working-Day.. Manufacturer and Boyard.. Branches With No Legal Bounds to Exploitation.. Day and Night Work. Relais System.. Compulsory Laws for Extension of Working-Day.. Limitation by Law of the Working Time. Factory Acts 1833 64.

3 Effect of English Factory Acts on Other Countries.. and Mass of Surplus-Value816IV. The Production of Relative of Relative of Labor and Two-Fold Origin of Manufacture.. The Specialized Worker and His Tools.. Heterogeneous and Organic Manufacture.. Division of Labor in Manufacture and in Society.. The Capitalist Character of Manufacture.. and Modern The Development of Machinery.. The Value Transferred by the Machinery to the Product.. Proximate Effects of Machinery on the Worker.. Employment of Women and Children.. Prolongation of the .. Intensification of Labor.. The Factory.. Strife between Worker and Machine.. The Theory of Compensation.. Repulsion and Attraction of Laborers. Crises of the Cotton Industry.. Impact of Large-Scale Industry on Manufacture, Handicrafts.

4 Supersession of Co-operation Based on Handicraft.. Reaction of Factory on Manufacture and Domestic Industries.. Modern Manufacture.. Modern Domestic Industry.. Transition to Modern Industry. Acceleration through Factory Sanitary and Educational Clauses. Extension of Factory Acts in England.. Industry and Agriculture..1422V. The Production of Absolute and of Relative and Relative in Price of Labor-Power and Surplus-Value1466I. Length and Intensity Constant, Productivity Variable..1470viiContentsII. Length and Productivity Constant, Intensity Variable..1485 III. Productivity and Intensity Constant, Length Variable..1490IV. Simultaneous Variations.. for Rate of Surplus-Value1506VI. Value of Labor-Power to Differences of Accumulation Process of of Surplus-Value into Capital16551.

5 Expanded Reproduction. Inversion of the Property Laws..16552. Erroneous Conception..16883. Division into Capital and Revenue. Abstinence Theory..16984. Circumstances which Determine Extent of Accumulation..17215. The So-Called Labor Fund.. Law of Capitalist Accumulation17581. Accumulation Under Equal Composition of Capital..17582. Relative Diminution of Variable Capital..17853. Industrial Reserve Army..18154. Forms of Existence of Surplus Population..18565. Illustrations of the General Law.. England 1846 1866.. Poorly Paid Strata.. The Nomad Population.. Effect of Crises on Best Paid Workers.. The British Agricultural Proletariat.. Ireland.. So-Called Original Secret of Original of Agricultural Legislation. Forcing Down of of the Capitalist of Agriculture on of the Industrial Tendency of Capitalist Modern Theory of Colonization2211 Footnotes2243xiForeword 2002 When I started writing theAnnotations to Karl Marx s Capital , which are available it became quickly apparent that a newtranslation was necessary.

6 This here is the translation developed while writing the Anno-tations, typeset side-by-side with the German original from the 4th edition as published inMEW is by far not yet a final product, it is under continuous revision. Most tables are simplyomitted in the present version. The literature references are in part given as hyperlinks to acomprehensive bibliography at the end, and in part in the text as in Marx s original. My planis to eventually make them all first either downloaded the English translation from theMarxists Internet Archiveorxiiscanned in the English translation from the Vintage edition, and then I made alterations tothese translations as they seemed necessary while working myself through the text. As a con-sequence, some passages are changed greatly, while others, which I have not yet processedin depth for my Annotations, are simply the version that I downloaded or scanned in.

7 Allthis means that the copyright situation for this work at the present incomplete stage is uncer-tain. Eventually the plan is to have all parts of the translation thoroughly revised, thereforewhen the project is completed I think it will not violate any copyrights. The page numbersgiven at the beginning of each paragraph, and the footnote numbers refer to the Vintage,resp. Penguin edition [Mar76] on the English side, and to the German Marx Engels Werke[Mar62] on the German side. The German side of the text also uses the translations of thefootnotes from Marx-Engels Werke, and I thank Karl Dietz-Verlag in Berlin for permissionto do LATEX source code used to produce this document is freely available under the GNUP ublic license. If you have ideas how to make this translation better, or if you notice typosetc.

8 , please email G. EhrbarEconomics DepartmentxiiiForeword 2002 University of Utah1645 Campus Center Drive, Rm. 308 Salt Lake City UT to the First Edition of Capital 89:1 This work, whose first Volume I now11:1 Das Werk, dessen ersten Band ichsubmit to the public, forms the continua-dem Publikum ubergebe, bildet die Fortset-tion of my bookZur Kritik der Politischenzung meiner 1859 ver offentlichten Schrift:Oekonomie, published in 1859. The long Zur Kritik der Politischen Oekonomie .pause between the first part and the contin-Die lange Pause zwischen Anfang und Fort-uation is due to an illness of many years setzung ist einer langj ahrigen Krankheit ge-duration, which interrupted my work againschuldet, die meine Arbeit wieder und wie-and to the First Edition of Capital 89:2 The substance of that earlier work is11:2 Der Inhalt jener fr uheren Schriftsummarized in the first chapter of this vol-ist res umiert im ersten Kapitel dieses Ban-ume.

9 This is done not merely for the sakedes. Es geschah dies nicht nur des Zu-of connectedness and completeness. Thesammenhangs und der Vollst andigkeit we-presentation is improved. As far as circum-gen. DieDarstellungist verbessert. So-stances in any way permit, many points onlyweit es der Sachverhalt irgendwie erlaubte,hinted at in the earlier book are here workedsind viele fr uher nur angedeuteten Punkteout more fully, while, conversely, pointshier weiter entwickelt, w ahrend umgekehrtworked out fully there are only toucheddort ausf uhrlich Entwickeltes hier nur an-upon in this Volume . The sections on thegedeutet wird. Die Abschnitte uber die Ge-history of the theories of value and of moneyschichte der Wert- und Geldtheorie fallenare now, of course, left out altogether.

10 How-jetzt nat urlich ganz weg. Jedoch findet derever, the reader of the earlier work will findLeser der fr uheren Schrift in den Noten zumnew sources relating to the history of thoseersten Kapitel neue Quellen zur Geschichtetheories in the notes to the first Theorie er :3/o Beginnings are always difficult in11:3/o Aller Anfang ist schwer, gilt inall sciences. The understanding of the firstjeder Wissenschaft. Das Verst andnis desxvichapter, especially the section that containsersten Kapitels, namentlich des Abschnitts,the analysis of commodities, will thereforeder die Analyse der Ware enth alt, wird daherpresent the greatest difficulty. I have pop-die meiste Schwierigkeit machen. Was nunularized the passages concerning the sub-n aher die Analyse der Wertsubstanz und derstance of value and the magnitude of valueWertgr o e betrifft, so habe ich sie m oglichstas much as value-form, whose fully developedDie Wertform, deren fertige Gestalt dieshape is the money-form, is very simple andGeldform, ist sehr inhaltslos und in content.