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1 0 EDGEWOODRESEARM DEVrEWPMNT & ENCINEERINO ARMY CZCAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSZ COMMANDE RDEE CC-TR- 26699 LIGHT VEHICLE OBSCURATION SMOKE SYSTEM (LVOSS)PARTICIPATION IN THE 1994 INFANTRY COMMANDERS' CONFERENCE (ICC) advanced WARFIGHTING EXERCISES (AWE)AT THE DISMOUNTED BATTLESPACE BATTLE LABORATORY (DBBL)FORT BENNING, GA10-11 MAY 1994TI) T' 7 Matthew W. ArneyCONCURRENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATES eptember 1995 Approved for public release; distribution is Proving Ground, MD 21010-542319960104 208 DisclaimerThe findings in this report are not to be construed as an official Departmentof the Army position unless so designated by other authorizing DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form ApprovedI OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reportinct bu 'den for this collection of Information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, Including the time for reviewing instructions.

2 Searching existing data sources,gathering and maintaintng the data needed, and completing and revewing the collection of Information . Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of thiscollection of Information , including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 JeffersonDavis Highwav. Suite 1204. Arington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget. Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503,1. AGENCY USE- ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED1995 September Final, 94 Apr -94 May4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERSL ight Vehicle Obscuration Smoke System (LVOSS) PR-10463627DE79-08 Participation in the 1994 Infantry Commanders' Conference(ICC) advanced Warfighting (Continued on page 2)6.

3 AUTHOR(S)Arney, Matthew PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATIONREPORT NUMBERDIR, ERDEC, ATTN: SCBRD-CE/LVOSS, APG, MD 21010-5423 ERDEC-TR-2699. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/ MONITORINGAGENCY REPORT NUMBER11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES12a. DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODEA pproved for public release; distribution is ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)The Army Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center participated inthe 1994 Infantry Commanders', advanced Warfighting Exercises at the DismountedBattlespace Battle Laboratory, Fort Benning, GA, 10-11 May 1994. The purpose forparticipating in these exercises was to gain insight and input on the Light VehicleObscuration Smoke System design requirements from the user community.

4 This reportdocuments the experiences during participation leading up to and during SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGESAWE 17 ICC 16. PRICE CODELVOSS17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACTOF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACTUNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED ULNSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)Prescribed by ANSI $td. Z39-18291W1024. TITLE AND SUBTITLE (Continued)Exercises (AWE) at the Dismounted Battlespace Battle Laboratory (DBBL),Fort Benning, GA, 10-11 May 199442 FORWARDThe following Army Edgewood Research, Development andEngineering Center personnel conducted the Light Vehicle Obscuration SmokeSystem demonstration at Dismounted Battlespace Battle Arney Mechanical EngineerBrian Bowers Mechanical EngineerJoe Domanico Chemical EngineerGene Tracy ChemistHenry General EngineerKevin R.

5 Shetterly Mechanical EngineerDean V. Hansen Packaging SpecialistCharles Young Engineering TechnicianSPC Stephen Gwyn, 598th Maintenance Company, Fort Benning, GA, servedas the demonstration vehicle ForNTIS CRA&IDTIC TABU nannounced 17 Justification -------B yu ..By---- -Distribution IAvailability CodesAvail andiorDist Special3 BlankPREFACEThe work described in this report was authorized under Project , Smoke/Obscurants, LVOSS. This work was started in April 1994and completed in May use of trade or manufacturers' names in this report does notconstitute an official endorsement of any commercial products. This reportmay not be cited for purposes of report has been approved for public release. Registered usersshould request additional copies from the Defense Technical InformationCenter; unregistered users should direct such requests to the NationalTechnical Information author acknowledges Dean V.

6 Hansen, Charles Young, and SPC Gwynfor their support in making the 1994 Infantry Commanders' Conference asuccessful Light Vehicle Obscuration Smoke System OBJECTIVE .. 92. LVOSS BACKGROUND/SYSTEM DESCRIPTION .. 93. AWE OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND .. 124. LVOSS TEAM PREPARATION FOR THE AWE .. 135. LVOSS PARTICIPATION IN THE AWE .. 136. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED .. 167. SUMMARY/LESSONS LEARNED .. 16 GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS .. 177 BlankLIGHT VEHICLE OBSCURATION SMOKE SYSTEM (LVOSS)PARTICIPATION IN THE 1994 INFANTRY COMMANDERS' CONFERENCE (ICC) advanced WARFIGHTING EXERCISES (AWE)AT THE DISMOUNTED BATTLESPACE BATTLE LABORATORY (DBBL)FORT BENNING, GA10-11 MAY 19941. OBJECTIVEThis report describes the Army Edgewood Research, Developmentand Engineering Center (ERDEC) Light Vehicle Obscuration Smoke System (LVOSS)program participation in the Dismounted Battlespace Battle Laboratory (DBBL)Exercises at Fort Benning, GA, 9-11 May 1994.

7 These exercises consisted ofthe advanced Warfighting Exercise (AWE) and Red Cloud Live Fire Exercise (LFX)portions of the Infantry Commanders' Conference (ICC) Warrior FutureOperational Capabilities of the United States Infantry. The objective of theparticipation was to gain insight and input on the LVOSS design requirementsfrom the user LVOSS BACKGROUND/SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONThe objective of the LVOSS program is to develop and field a grenadelauncher with accompanying grenade for light vehicles that is capable ofproviding obscuration in the visual and infrared (IR) portion of theelectromagnetic spectrum. The LVOSS is intended to serve as the standardobscurant projecting/generating system for the Highly Mobile MultipurposeWheeled (HMMWV) family of light vehicles.

8 Other light vehicles may beconsidered. Currently unarmored light vehicles are particularly vulnerable toenemy direct, indirect fires, and LVOSS program is currently in the concept exploration/definitionphase of the life cycle. The concept will use a design to incorporate acombination of old and new technology. The LVOSS smoke screening grenadelauncher could be mounted on the front, rear, or on the top of a lightvehicle. The design may use the existing vehicle bumpers, a modified, or aredesigned bumper. The smoke grenade will be developed to provide therequired needs for the LVOSS have been identified for HMMWV Scoutsin support of armor and mechanized operations, HMMWV tube-launched (opticallytracked) wire-guided missile (TOW) variants for antitank support, artillerysurvey and forward observation teams, and military police (MP) versions.

9 Asmuch as possible, each variant will retain its combat load and operationalcapabilities in transportability, mobility, firepower, and communications whenconfigured with LVOSS. At the current stage of LVOSS development, there aretwo different LVOSS launcher configurations. One configuration is anintegrated bumper/launcher assembly that replaces the standard front bumper onHMMWVs not equipped with winches. The second configuration is for winch-equipped HMMWV's and uses two mirror-image (left and right) halves to mount9two tubes to the frame on either side of the winch (See Figure 1). Bothconfigurations consist of four 66-mm smoke grenade launcher tubes, bracketsfor mounting these tubes to existing HMMWV features, wiring for connecting thelaunchers to the vehicle battery, and a control box.

10 For the configurationswith winches, there is a 450 spread among the four launcher tubes. For theconfigurations without winches, there is a 900 spread among the four launchertubes. Aluminum tubes from an M257 type standard smoke grenade launcher areused in both configurations. Due to safety, environmental, and toxicityproblems with existing smokes, ERDEC is using a new smoke as part of terephthalic acid-based (PTA, Type 3) grenade is a soft launched,nonfragmenting, pyrotechnic smoke dispenser (See Figure 2). Three dual-ported, core-burning, smoke canisters are ejected from an integral 66-mmaluminum cartridge that is inserted into any standard 66-mm grenade of the canisters contain a pyrotechnic mixture weight of 185 g.